Hai-Ding Zou, Cong Luo, Zhao-Lan Hu, Pei Zhou, Ru-Yi Luo
{"title":"Combined Use of Remimazolam and Ciprofol Reduces Hypoxemia and Shortens Recovery Time During Sedated Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.","authors":"Hai-Ding Zou, Cong Luo, Zhao-Lan Hu, Pei Zhou, Ru-Yi Luo","doi":"10.2147/DDDT.S515783","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypoxemia is the most common adverse event during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy (PGIE). This study aimed to evaluate whether the combined use of remimazolam besylate and ciprofol (group RC) reduces the incidence of hypoxemia compared to ciprofol alone (group C) in patients undergoing PGIE under deep sedation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 246 patients scheduled for PGIE were recruited from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and randomly assigned to group C or RC. The primary outcome measured was the incidence of intraoperative hypoxemia. Secondary outcomes included physiological parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the procedure, along with time to loss of consciousness (LoC), time to awakening, and major adverse effects (MAEs). Additionally, correlations between minimum SpO2 and factors like body mass index (BMI), age, and preoperative SpO2 were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group C exhibited a significantly higher incidence and frequency of hypoxemia compared to group RC. Correlation analysis revealed that minimum SpO2 was inversely related to age and BMI, while showing a positive correlation with preoperative SpO2. Additionally, the RC group demonstrated significantly decreased induction and shorter times to LoC and awakening than group C.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined administration of ciprofol and remimazolam besylate may enhance the safety profile of deep sedation for PGIE compared to ciprofol alone, offering reduced hypoxemia incidence and improved procedural efficiency.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>www.chictr.org.cn (Registration number: ChiCTR2400092506, Registration date: November 18, 2024).</p>","PeriodicalId":11290,"journal":{"name":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy","volume":"19 ","pages":"3703-3713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065459/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S515783","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Hypoxemia is the most common adverse event during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy (PGIE). This study aimed to evaluate whether the combined use of remimazolam besylate and ciprofol (group RC) reduces the incidence of hypoxemia compared to ciprofol alone (group C) in patients undergoing PGIE under deep sedation.
Methods: A total of 246 patients scheduled for PGIE were recruited from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and randomly assigned to group C or RC. The primary outcome measured was the incidence of intraoperative hypoxemia. Secondary outcomes included physiological parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the procedure, along with time to loss of consciousness (LoC), time to awakening, and major adverse effects (MAEs). Additionally, correlations between minimum SpO2 and factors like body mass index (BMI), age, and preoperative SpO2 were examined.
Results: Group C exhibited a significantly higher incidence and frequency of hypoxemia compared to group RC. Correlation analysis revealed that minimum SpO2 was inversely related to age and BMI, while showing a positive correlation with preoperative SpO2. Additionally, the RC group demonstrated significantly decreased induction and shorter times to LoC and awakening than group C.
Conclusion: The combined administration of ciprofol and remimazolam besylate may enhance the safety profile of deep sedation for PGIE compared to ciprofol alone, offering reduced hypoxemia incidence and improved procedural efficiency.
期刊介绍：
Drug Design, Development and Therapy is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal that spans the spectrum of drug design, discovery and development through to clinical applications.
The journal is characterized by the rapid reporting of high-quality original research, reviews, expert opinions, commentary and clinical studies in all therapeutic areas.
Specific topics covered by the journal include:
Drug target identification and validation
Phenotypic screening and target deconvolution
Biochemical analyses of drug targets and their pathways
New methods or relevant applications in molecular/drug design and computer-aided drug discovery*
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel biologically active compounds (including diagnostics or chemical probes)
Structural or molecular biological studies elucidating molecular recognition processes
Fragment-based drug discovery
Pharmaceutical/red biotechnology
Isolation, structural characterization, (bio)synthesis, bioengineering and pharmacological evaluation of natural products**
Distribution, pharmacokinetics and metabolic transformations of drugs or biologically active compounds in drug development
Drug delivery and formulation (design and characterization of dosage forms, release mechanisms and in vivo testing)
Preclinical development studies
Translational animal models
Mechanisms of action and signalling pathways
Toxicology
Gene therapy, cell therapy and immunotherapy
Personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics
Clinical drug evaluation
Patient safety and sustained use of medicines.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
