A premier case report of a congenital pseudocyst of the testis (cystis spuria testiculi congenita) in a three-week-old calf.

Abstract

Background: Cysts in the testicular parenchyma are extremely rare in bulls and are typically detected during ultrasound examinations. In contrast, pseudocysts are exceedingly uncommon. This paper describes a case involving a large pseudocyst in a few-day-old calf.

Case presentation: The circumference of the identified structure was 25 cm, with a length of 14 cm and a width of 8 cm. The skin of the scrotum was movable, and the consistency of the formation was elastic. The structure was positioned obliquely, with its apex reaching the proximal part of the ankle. Ultrasonography revealed the presence of a large normoechoic fluid space, with small, irregularly shaped fragments of tissue exhibiting significant hyperechogenicity. The structure was surgically excised. Histopathological analysis indicated changes consistent with a pseudocyst. The bull's karyotype was normal (60XY), and the biochemical and haematological parameters were within physiological ranges. Testosterone concentrations on the day of surgery and at 10 months of age were measured at 0.02 ng/ml and 0.07 ng/ml, respectively.

Conclusions: This case report represents the first documented instance of an abnormally large testicular pseudocyst in a bull. The surgical removal of the pseudocyst was performed safely and successfully, with no adverse effects observed on the calf's subsequent growth and development.