Trends and Incidence of Transfusion Reactions: a Single-Center 5-Year Retrospective Analysis.

Abstract

Background: Transfusion reactions, including allergic and febrile non-hemolytic responses, remain a safety concern despite advancements in donor screening and leukocyte reduction. Understanding the incidence and contributing factors of these reactions is essential for enhancing transfusion practices and patient safety.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed transfusion reactions at our institution from January 2019 to August 2024. Data from hemovigilance records were reviewed to identify the incidence, types, and severity of reactions.

Results: An overall reaction rate of 0.28% was observed, with itching/urticaria, chills, and fever as the most common types. These findings align with global reports, indicating the effectiveness of the implemented preventive strategies in minimizing severe reactions.

Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of individualized patient protocols and continuous monitoring to reduce transfusion risks. Preventive strategies, such as leukocyte reduction, premedication for high-risk patients, and vigilant observation during transfusions, have proven effective in limiting reaction severity. By providing insights into transfusion reaction patterns, this analysis supports efforts to enhance patient safety and optimize transfusion practices through targeted quality improvements.