PREVALENCE AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC RISK FACTORS OF EMOTIONAL BURNOUT AMONG PSYCHIATRISTS AND NURSING STAFF IN PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES IN KAZAKHSTAN.

Abstract

To date, there are no studies examining the degree of emotional burnout among psychiatrists and nursing staff working in psychiatric hospitals in Kazakhstan. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of emotional burnout among psychiatrists and nurses working in mental health services in the Republic of Kazakhstan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire among psychiatrists and nurses in psychiatric hospitals across Kazakhstan. According to the MBI questionnaire, metrics such as Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Personal Achievement (PA), and Depersonalization (DP) were measured to assess burnout. Socio-demographic indicators of the participants were recorded. Of the 1015 participants, 29.0% were psychiatrists and 71.0% were nurses. Moderate Emotional Exhaustion (EE) were observed in both groups, with scores of 21.2±8.3 for psychiatrists and 20.5±8.0 for nurses (p=0.345). Depersonalization (DP) scores were 9.0±5.8 for psychiatrists and 9.0±5.4 for nurses (p=0.37). Regression analysis identified various risk factors for EE among psychiatrists including age groups 25-30, 36-40 years (OR1.7 and OR1.8, respectively), work schedule (Flextime OR1.4, Part-Time OR1.5), and job tenure (3-5 years, ≥20 years, OR1.7). Factors associated with the progression of DP in psychiatrists were Part-Time work schedule (OR1.5) and smoking (OR1.5), p<0.05. For nurses, age groups 25-30 and 36-40, job tenure ≥3 years, Part-Time work, and workload were identified as risk factors for EE, p<0.05. Housing conditions were identified as a risk factor for burnout across all measurements in both groups (p<0.05). Smoking was a factor in all three dimensions for psychiatrists, and for EE and DP in nurses, p<0.05. The study reveals a moderate level of emotional burnout among psychiatrists and nurses in Kazakhstan's psychiatric services. Given the unique challenges and vulnerabilities of personnel in psychiatric services, these findings necessitate the implementation of coping strategies and preventative measures to mitigate professional burnout.