Exploring Retinal Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease: A Molecular and Cellular Perspective.

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neurotoxicity Research Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1007/s12640-025-00744-4

Rishika Dhapola, Prajjwal Sharma, Sneha Kumari, Balachandar Vellingiri, Bikash Medhi, Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy

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Abstract

Increasing evidence of ocular impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has drawn the attention of researchers worldwide towards retinal neurodegeneration in AD. The AD-associated changes observed in the retina include visual discrepancies, pupil size modulations, retinal nerve layer changes, retinal blood flow alterations and histopathological changes. The brain cells that act as pathological triggers for the progression of retinal neurodegeneration associated with AD are microglia, astrocytes and neurons. Various molecular pathways lead to structural and functional abnormalities in the retina, significantly affecting the brain including Aβ accumulation, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Therapeutic agents under development that ameliorate disease conditions by targeting retinal anomalies include mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media, BDNF, glatiramer acetate, salvianolic acid B, Lycium barbarum extract and exosomes. Investigating real-time alterations in the retina in AD may not only affect diagnostic approaches but also help to clarify neuropathological pathways and offer helpful measurements for assessing novel therapeutic approaches for AD.

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从分子和细胞的角度探讨阿尔茨海默病的视网膜神经变性。

越来越多的证据表明阿尔茨海默病（AD）的眼部损害引起了全世界研究者对阿尔茨海默病视网膜神经变性的关注。在视网膜上观察到的ad相关改变包括视觉差异、瞳孔大小调节、视网膜神经层改变、视网膜血流改变和组织病理学改变。作为与AD相关的视网膜神经变性进展的病理触发的脑细胞是小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和神经元。多种分子通路导致视网膜结构和功能异常，显著影响大脑，包括Aβ积累、细胞凋亡、炎症和氧化应激。通过靶向视网膜异常改善疾病状况的正在开发的治疗剂包括间充质干细胞条件培养基、BDNF、醋酸格拉替默、丹酚酸B、枸杞提取物和外泌体。研究阿尔茨海默病视网膜的实时变化不仅可以影响诊断方法，还有助于阐明神经病理通路，并为评估阿尔茨海默病的新治疗方法提供有用的测量方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neurotoxicity Research 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

5.40%

发文量

164

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Neurotoxicity Research is an international, interdisciplinary broad-based journal for reporting both basic and clinical research on classical neurotoxicity effects and mechanisms associated with neurodegeneration, necrosis, neuronal apoptosis, nerve regeneration, neurotrophin mechanisms, and topics related to these themes. Published papers have focused on: NEURODEGENERATION and INJURY Neuropathologies Neuronal apoptosis Neuronal necrosis Neural death processes (anatomical, histochemical, neurochemical) Neurodegenerative Disorders Neural Effects of Substances of Abuse NERVE REGENERATION and RESPONSES TO INJURY Neural Adaptations Neurotrophin mechanisms and actions NEURO(CYTO)TOXICITY PROCESSES and NEUROPROTECTION Excitatory amino acids Neurotoxins, endogenous and synthetic Reactive oxygen (nitrogen) species Neuroprotection by endogenous and exogenous agents Papers on related themes are welcome.