{"title":"Evaluation of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 in cats with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Matthew Kornya, Alice Defarges, Dorothee Bienzle","doi":"10.1177/1098612X251314778","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesKidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein on proximal renal tubular epithelial cells that is increased in the urine of cats with acute kidney injury. The utility of measuring urine KIM-1 in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the relationship with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage are unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution of KIM-1 concentrations in cats with different stages of CKD and investigate the relationship between urine KIM-1 and urine specific gravity (USG), urine protein and serum urea, creatinine, phosphorus, potassium and symmetric dimethylarginine concentrations.MethodsA total of 74 cats with CKD were recruited prospectively from a first-opinion feline-only practice. Blood and urine samples were collected from all cats. The stage of CKD was determined as per IRIS guidelines. Urine KIM-1 concentration was determined with a previously validated lateral flow assay. KIM-1 was reported as a test:control ratio. The distribution of KIM-1 values in cats with CKD was determined, and the correlation between KIM-1 and other determinants of renal function was calculated. Urine KIM-1 was normalized to a USG of 1.035 and the analysis was repeated.ResultsCats with CKD had a median urine KIM-1 value of 0.1544 (range 0.038-0.540). The median KIM-1 values in cats with IRIS stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 CKD were 0.152 (range 0.113-0.512), 0.165 (range 0.038-0.540), 0.150 (range 0.037-0.448) and 0.140 (range 0.067-0.448), respectively. There were no differences in urine KIM-1 values relative to IRIS stage. Urine KIM-1 values were correlated with USG (<i>r</i><sup> 2</sup> = 0.482; <i>P</i> = 0.005). An analysis of KIM-1 values normalized to USG resulted in similar findings.Conclusions and relevanceUrine KIM-1 values in cats with CKD were similar to those previously described in healthy cats. There was a moderately strong correlation between urine KIM-1 concentration and USG. Sequential measurement of KIM-1 in cats with progressive CKD may be informative.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"27 4","pages":"1098612X251314778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035179/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X251314778","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/4/15 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ObjectivesKidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein on proximal renal tubular epithelial cells that is increased in the urine of cats with acute kidney injury. The utility of measuring urine KIM-1 in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the relationship with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage are unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the distribution of KIM-1 concentrations in cats with different stages of CKD and investigate the relationship between urine KIM-1 and urine specific gravity (USG), urine protein and serum urea, creatinine, phosphorus, potassium and symmetric dimethylarginine concentrations.MethodsA total of 74 cats with CKD were recruited prospectively from a first-opinion feline-only practice. Blood and urine samples were collected from all cats. The stage of CKD was determined as per IRIS guidelines. Urine KIM-1 concentration was determined with a previously validated lateral flow assay. KIM-1 was reported as a test:control ratio. The distribution of KIM-1 values in cats with CKD was determined, and the correlation between KIM-1 and other determinants of renal function was calculated. Urine KIM-1 was normalized to a USG of 1.035 and the analysis was repeated.ResultsCats with CKD had a median urine KIM-1 value of 0.1544 (range 0.038-0.540). The median KIM-1 values in cats with IRIS stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 CKD were 0.152 (range 0.113-0.512), 0.165 (range 0.038-0.540), 0.150 (range 0.037-0.448) and 0.140 (range 0.067-0.448), respectively. There were no differences in urine KIM-1 values relative to IRIS stage. Urine KIM-1 values were correlated with USG (r 2 = 0.482; P = 0.005). An analysis of KIM-1 values normalized to USG resulted in similar findings.Conclusions and relevanceUrine KIM-1 values in cats with CKD were similar to those previously described in healthy cats. There was a moderately strong correlation between urine KIM-1 concentration and USG. Sequential measurement of KIM-1 in cats with progressive CKD may be informative.
期刊介绍：
JFMS is an international, peer-reviewed journal aimed at both practitioners and researchers with an interest in the clinical veterinary healthcare of domestic cats. The journal is published monthly in two formats: ‘Classic’ editions containing high-quality original papers on all aspects of feline medicine and surgery, including basic research relevant to clinical practice; and dedicated ‘Clinical Practice’ editions primarily containing opinionated review articles providing state-of-the-art information for feline clinicians, along with other relevant articles such as consensus guidelines.
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