Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain.

Q2 Medicine

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-443-19088-9.00004-4

Francisco J Barrantes

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is the archetypal neurotransmitter receptor within the superfamily of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs). Typically, it mediates fast synaptic transmission in response to its endogenous ligand, acetylcholine, and can also intervene in slower signaling mechanisms via intracellular metabolic cascades in association with G-protein-coupled receptors. This review covers the structural and functional aspects of the different neuronal nAChR subtypes and their cellular and anatomic distribution in the brain. The significant progress in our knowledge on the topic derives from the successful combination of biochemical, neuroanatomic, pharmacologic, and cell biology approaches, complemented by site-directed mutagenesis, single-channel electrophysiology, and structural biophysical studies. This multipronged approach provides a comprehensive description of nAChR in health and disease, offering improved chances of success in tackling neurologic and neuropsychiatric diseases involving phenotypic alterations of nAChRs, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases.

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大脑中的尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体。

烟碱乙酰胆碱受体（nAChR）是五聚体配体门控离子通道（plics）超家族中的典型神经递质受体。通常，它介导内源性配体乙酰胆碱的快速突触传递，也可以通过与g蛋白偶联受体相关的细胞内代谢级联干预较慢的信号传导机制。本文综述了不同神经元nAChR亚型的结构和功能及其在大脑中的细胞和解剖分布。我们在这方面的知识取得了重大进展，这得益于生物化学、神经解剖学、药理学和细胞生物学方法的成功结合，以及位点定向诱变、单通道电生理学和结构生物物理学研究的补充。这种多管齐下的方法提供了健康和疾病中nAChR的全面描述，为解决涉及nAChR表型改变的神经和神经精神疾病，特别是神经退行性疾病，提供了更好的成功机会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Handbook of clinical neurology Medicine-Neurology (clinical)

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

302

期刊介绍： The Handbook of Clinical Neurology (HCN) was originally conceived and edited by Pierre Vinken and George Bruyn as a prestigious, multivolume reference work that would cover all the disorders encountered by clinicians and researchers engaged in neurology and allied fields. The first series of the Handbook (Volumes 1-44) was published between 1968 and 1982 and was followed by a second series (Volumes 45-78), guided by the same editors, which concluded in 2002. By that time, the Handbook had come to represent one of the largest scientific works ever published. In 2002, Professors Michael J. Aminoff, François Boller, and Dick F. Swaab took on the responsibility of supervising the third (current) series, the first volumes of which published in 2003. They have designed this series to encompass both clinical neurology and also the basic and clinical neurosciences that are its underpinning. Given the enormity and complexity of the accumulating literature, it is almost impossible to keep abreast of developments in the field, thus providing the raison d''être for the series. The series will thus appeal to clinicians and investigators alike, providing to each an added dimension. Now, more than 140 volumes after it began, the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series has an unparalleled reputation for providing the latest information on fundamental research on the operation of the nervous system in health and disease, comprehensive clinical information on neurological and related disorders, and up-to-date treatment protocols.