Shadows of trauma: an umbrella review of the prevalence and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI:10.1186/s13034-025-00879-4

Tadesse Tarik Tamir, Berhan Tekeba, Enyew Getaneh Mekonen, Deresse Abebe Gebrehana, Alebachew Ferede Zegeye

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health concern affecting children and adolescents, often resulting from exposure to traumatic events such as violence, natural disasters, or abuse. A substantial number of children and adolescents experience these traumatic events; however, the reported prevalence of PTSD in this population varies widely across systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This umbrella review aims to synthesize findings from multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses to provide a comprehensive estimate of PTSD prevalence and identify key risk factors associated with the disorder.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and others, using the COCOPOP framework. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between January 1, 2014, and December 1, 2024, were included. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently and analyzed using Stata 17 with a random-effects meta-analysis model.

Results: A total of twelve studies were included, with a combined sample size of 121,333 participants. The pooled prevalence estimate for PTSD among children and adolescents was found to be 25% (95% CI: 20-30%), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 99.9%). Subgroup analyses indicated variations in prevalence based on publication year and the number of primary studies included in the systematic reviews. Key risk factors identified included older age, female gender, low social support, feelings of entrapment, and experiencing bereavement.

Conclusions: The prevalence of PTSD among children and adolescents exposed to trauma is notably high. Key contributing factors include older age, female gender, low social support, feelings of entrapment, and experiencing bereavement. Targeted interventions focusing on these risk factors, such as enhancing social support systems and providing early mental health interventions, are essential to improve outcomes for this vulnerable population. Further research is needed to refine these strategies and ensure they effectively meet the needs of children and adolescents affected by trauma.

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创伤的阴影：儿童和青少年创伤后应激障碍的患病率和危险因素的综合审查。

简介：创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是影响儿童和青少年的重要心理健康问题，通常是由于暴露于创伤性事件，如暴力、自然灾害或虐待。大量儿童和青少年经历过这些创伤性事件；然而，在系统综述和荟萃分析中，这一人群中PTSD患病率的报道差异很大。本综述旨在综合多个系统综述和荟萃分析的结果，以提供PTSD患病率的综合估计，并确定与该疾病相关的关键危险因素。方法：采用COCOPOP框架，对PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE等多个数据库进行综合文献检索。纳入了2014年1月1日至2024年12月1日期间发表的系统综述和荟萃分析。数据由两名评论者独立提取，并使用Stata 17随机效应meta分析模型进行分析。结果：共纳入12项研究，总样本量为121333名参与者。儿童和青少年中PTSD的总患病率估计为25% (95% CI: 20-30%)，具有显著的异质性（I²= 99.9%）。亚组分析表明，患病率的变化基于发表年份和系统评价中纳入的主要研究的数量。确定的主要风险因素包括年龄较大、女性、低社会支持、被困感和经历丧亲之痛。结论：创伤暴露儿童和青少年PTSD患病率明显较高。主要的影响因素包括年龄较大、女性、低社会支持、被困感和经历丧亲之痛。以这些风险因素为重点的有针对性的干预措施，如加强社会支持系统和提供早期精神卫生干预措施，对于改善这一弱势群体的结果至关重要。需要进一步的研究来完善这些战略，并确保它们有效地满足受创伤影响的儿童和青少年的需要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health PEDIATRICSPSYCHIATRY-PSYCHIATRY

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, the official journal of the International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions, is an open access, online journal that provides an international platform for rapid and comprehensive scientific communication on child and adolescent mental health across different cultural backgrounds. CAPMH serves as a scientifically rigorous and broadly open forum for both interdisciplinary and cross-cultural exchange of research information, involving psychiatrists, paediatricians, psychologists, neuroscientists, and allied disciplines. The journal focusses on improving the knowledge base for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of mental health conditions in children and adolescents, and aims to integrate basic science, clinical research and the practical implementation of research findings. In addition, aspects which are still underrepresented in the traditional journals such as neurobiology and neuropsychology of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence are considered.