The impact of immunonutrition in head and neck cancer surgery: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.14639/0392-100X-N3140

Claudia Lodovica Modesti, Davide Mattavelli, Gabriele Testa, Lorenzo Tofani, Cesare Piazza

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Malnutrition is common among patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer (HNC), leading to higher postoperative complications and mortality rates. Immunonutritional intervention has potential in reducing these risks by enhancing immune function and aiding wound healing.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Nineteen randomised controlled trials involving 1,196 participants undergoing surgery for HNC were included. Studies comparing immunonutrition with standard care were analysed for outcomes including fistula formation, wound infections, other infections, and length of hospital stay.

Results: Immunonutrition significantly reduced postoperative fistulas and shortened hospital stays compared to standard care. The impact on wound and systemic infections was inconclusive. Immunonutrition was generally well-tolerated, with no significant increase in adverse events.

Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential benefits of immunonutrition in improving postoperative outcomes for patients with HNC. However, the variability in study outcomes and limitations in quality call for further research to clarify the specific efficacy, long-term effects, and cost-effectiveness of immunonutrition in this context.

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免疫营养对头颈癌手术的影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

目的：营养不良在头颈癌（HNC）手术患者中很常见，导致较高的术后并发症和死亡率。免疫营养干预有可能通过增强免疫功能和帮助伤口愈合来降低这些风险。方法：根据PRISMA指南进行系统评价和荟萃分析。纳入19项随机对照试验，涉及1196名接受HNC手术的参与者。比较免疫营养与标准护理的研究分析了结果，包括瘘管形成、伤口感染、其他感染和住院时间。结果：与标准治疗相比，免疫营养显著减少了术后瘘管，缩短了住院时间。对伤口和全身感染的影响尚无定论。免疫营养通常耐受良好，不良事件没有显著增加。结论：这些发现强调了免疫营养在改善HNC患者术后预后方面的潜在益处。然而，研究结果的可变性和质量的局限性需要进一步的研究来阐明免疫营养在这种情况下的具体疗效、长期效果和成本效益。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica first appeared as “Annali di Laringologia Otologia e Faringologia” and was founded in 1901 by Giulio Masini. It is the official publication of the Italian Hospital Otology Association (A.O.O.I.) and, since 1976, also of the Società Italiana di Otorinolaringoiatria e Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale (S.I.O.Ch.C.-F.). The journal publishes original articles (clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional surveys, and diagnostic test assessments) of interest in the field of otorhinolaryngology as well as clinical techniques and technology (a short report of unique or original methods for surgical techniques, medical management or new devices or technology), editorials (including editorial guests – special contribution) and letters to the Editor-in-Chief. Articles concerning science investigations and well prepared systematic reviews (including meta-analyses) on themes related to basic science, clinical otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery have high priority.