Study on the Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, Biofilms Genes, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Clinical Samples.
Z Hemmati, A Soltani Borchaloee, F Bazrafshan, B Jahan Latibari, P Mehrpour Ghaziani, M Hashemi Khou
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Abstract
The global health situation is caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, which exhibit resistance to the majority of antibiotics. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance make the treatment of these infections more complicated and intricate. The objective of this study was to investigate the mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes and the pattern of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus isolates obtained from different clinical samples. In this study, 78 strains of S. aureus were collected from different a variety of clinical specimens. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined via the disk agar diffusion method. The prevalence of the mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes and the antimicrobial resistance patterns exhibited by the isolates against 10 conventional antibiotic disks were evaluated in these isolates. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software version 25. Of the 78 samples collected, 63 samples were found to contain the mecA gene representing a prevalence of (62.2%). A total 63 S. aureus isolates were examined, of which is present in 60 (95.2%) exhibited the blaZ gene and 51 (81%) exhibited the fnbA gene. The frequency of the cna gene was observed in 42 (66.7%) samples. Additionally, a significant correlation was identified between the cna and fnbA genes and gentamicin and tetracycline antibiotic resistance with (P<0.05). The antibiotic resistance pattern revealed that all the isolates exhibited resistance to oxacillin (100%), penicillin (95.2%), and demonstrated the least resistance to vancomycin (3.2%), and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (17.5%). In comparison to other studies conducted in Iran, our findings indicate an average prevalence of MRSA. However, the level of resistance to commonly used antibiotics in these isolates was considerable. In this situation, it is recommended to monitor antibiotic resistance in these hospitals and medical centers.
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