Karol Jędrejko, Oliver Catlin, Raphael Faiss, Andrzej Pokrywka
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Pharmacological potential of Hypoxen, previously registered as Olifen is evaluated herein. Hypoxen is categorized as antihypoxic agent. The active substance is polydihydroxyphenylene thiosulfonate sodium. Human studies are limited and no clinical trials following international standards is available. There is however a developed body of knowledge emerging from original studies conducted by the Russian Military Medical Academy in 1980s and 1990s despite limited online access. Hypoxen is promoted to improve oxygen supply or reduce oxygen consumption under hypoxic conditions and physical load. It is thought to support faster recovery, and can be used in complex treatments of diseases accompanied by hypoxia like myocardial ischemia. From clinical perspective, it may enhance cellular respiration by improving coupling in the respiratory chain/accelerating oxidative phosphorylation, but also inhibit succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and activate mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP) in skeletal muscles and myocardium. In 2023, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) added Hypoxen to the Monitoring Program as there had been documented evidence of its use by athletes. On in vitro experiments compared the influence of Hypoxen on oxidative phosphorylation with mitochondrial uncoupling agent 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) a unique metabolic modulator that strongly accelerates the metabolism rate, prohibited since 2024 by WADA. Most studies focus on exercise performance, and may provide some evidence that Hypoxen has the potential to enhance performance, the first criteria considered for addition of substance to the WADA Prohibited List. Pharmacodynamics and ergogenic effects of Hypoxen suggests potential as metabolic modulator.
期刊介绍：
As the incidence of drugs escalates in 21st century living, their detection and analysis have become increasingly important. Sport, the workplace, crime investigation, homeland security, the pharmaceutical industry and the environment are just some of the high profile arenas in which analytical testing has provided an important investigative tool for uncovering the presence of extraneous substances.
In addition to the usual publishing fare of primary research articles, case reports and letters, Drug Testing and Analysis offers a unique combination of; ‘How to’ material such as ‘Tutorials’ and ‘Reviews’, Speculative pieces (‘Commentaries’ and ‘Perspectives'', providing a broader scientific and social context to the aspects of analytical testing), ‘Annual banned substance reviews’ (delivering a critical evaluation of the methods used in the characterization of established and newly outlawed compounds).
Rather than focus on the application of a single technique, Drug Testing and Analysis employs a unique multidisciplinary approach to the field of controversial compound determination. Papers discussing chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunological approaches, 1D/2D gel electrophoresis, to name just a few select methods, are welcomed where their application is related to any of the six key topics listed below.
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