{"title":"Progress in Characterization of Lipopolysaccharides and Lipid A by Mass Spectrometry.","authors":"Amanda Helms, Jennifer S Brodbelt","doi":"10.1002/mas.21934","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are complex molecules embedded in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS are highly heterogeneous across species and strains, posing a significant analytical challenge. This review article explores recent advances in the identification and characterization of LPS, with a particular focus on the role of mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. The review highlights how MS, in conjunction with various separation methods and spanning different ionization techniques and dissociation modes, has enabled more precise and sensitive determination of LPS composition, with a focus on lipid A structure. Finally, emerging trends in MS applications for LPS research are discussed and its potential to provide deeper insights into the development of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":206,"journal":{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240185/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mass Spectrometry Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21934","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPECTROSCOPY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are complex molecules embedded in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS are highly heterogeneous across species and strains, posing a significant analytical challenge. This review article explores recent advances in the identification and characterization of LPS, with a particular focus on the role of mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. The review highlights how MS, in conjunction with various separation methods and spanning different ionization techniques and dissociation modes, has enabled more precise and sensitive determination of LPS composition, with a focus on lipid A structure. Finally, emerging trends in MS applications for LPS research are discussed and its potential to provide deeper insights into the development of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria.
期刊介绍：
The aim of the journal Mass Spectrometry Reviews is to publish well-written reviews in selected topics in the various sub-fields of mass spectrometry as a means to summarize the research that has been performed in that area, to focus attention of other researchers, to critically review the published material, and to stimulate further research in that area.
The scope of the published reviews include, but are not limited to topics, such as theoretical treatments, instrumental design, ionization methods, analyzers, detectors, application to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of various compounds or elements, basic ion chemistry and structure studies, ion energetic studies, and studies on biomolecules, polymers, etc.
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