Micro-aeration strategies: Optimizing nitrogen and phosphorus removal in vertical flow constructed wetlands for rural sewage treatment

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI:10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107931

Li Sun , Zhenzhou Cao , Shuaiwen Jia , Panyue Zhang , Guangming Zhang

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Abstract

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a pivotal factor influencing the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs). This study explores how DO enhances pollutant removal, plant growth, and microbial dynamics in vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) treating rural sewage. The results showed that the aerobic system achieved peak efficiencies of 77.9 % COD, 76.9 % NH₄⁺-N, and 71.6 % TN, surpassing those of the microaerobic (72.1 % COD, 65.3 % TN) and anoxic (64.8 % COD, 58.2 % TN) systems. The growth of plants within this system increased, reflecting enhanced rhizosphere engineering via DO-mediated microbial activity. Iris height increased by 342.5 % under aerobic conditions, which was linked to rhizosphere EPS mineralization (218.64 μg/mL in roots vs. bulk substrate). The EPS concentration gradient (rhizosphere > bulk substrate) indicates that microbial activity is concentrated near roots under aerobic conditions. This observation suggests a feedback loop between DO availability and microbial metabolism, where aerobic conditions increase organic matter mineralization and EPS consumption, promoting stable plant-microbe interactions. The VFCWs-aerobic system facilitated a shift in the microbial community structure, promoting the growth of bacteria known to be involved in pollutant removal. High DO increased the abundance of Proteobacteria (56 % vs. 24 % under anoxic conditions) and enriched Nitrospira (4.6 % vs. 0.3 %), enhancing nitrification. These findings highlight the crucial role of high DO concentrations in maintaining robust microbial activity for effective pollutant removal in VFCWs. This DO-driven strategy offers a low-cost, scalable solution for decentralized rural wastewater treatment, balancing microbial activity and plant-mediated nutrient uptake without complex infrastructure.

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微曝气策略：优化垂直流人工湿地处理农村污水的氮磷去除

溶解氧（DO）是影响人工湿地性能的关键因素。本研究探讨了DO如何促进垂直流人工湿地（VFCWs）处理农村污水的污染物去除、植物生长和微生物动力学。结果表明，好氧系统的COD、nh4 +-N和TN的最高效率分别为77.9%、76.9%和71.6%，超过了微氧系统（COD为72.1%、TN为65.3%）和缺氧系统（COD为64.8%、TN为58.2%）。该系统中的植物生长增加，反映了do介导的微生物活性增强了根际工程。在好氧条件下，虹膜高度增加了342.5%，这与根际EPS矿化有关（根比基质中EPS矿化量为218.64 μg/mL）。EPS浓度梯度(根际>；散装基质)表明，在好氧条件下，微生物活动集中在根附近。这一观察结果表明，在DO有效性和微生物代谢之间存在反馈循环，其中好氧条件增加有机物矿化和EPS消耗，促进稳定的植物-微生物相互作用。vfcws -好氧系统促进了微生物群落结构的转变，促进了已知参与污染物去除的细菌的生长。高DO增加了变形菌的丰度（56%对24%，缺氧条件下）和丰富的硝化螺旋菌（4.6%对0.3%），促进硝化作用。这些发现强调了高DO浓度在VFCWs中维持强大的微生物活性以有效去除污染物方面的关键作用。这种由do驱动的战略为分散的农村废水处理提供了一种低成本、可扩展的解决方案，在没有复杂基础设施的情况下平衡微生物活动和植物介导的营养吸收。

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来源期刊

Journal of water process engineering Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

8.60%

发文量

846

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Water Process Engineering aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing . Papers on advanced and novel treatment processes and technologies are particularly welcome. The Journal considers papers in areas such as nanotechnology and biotechnology applications in water, novel oxidation and separation processes, membrane processes (except those for desalination) , catalytic processes for the removal of water contaminants, sustainable processes, water reuse and recycling, water use and wastewater minimization, integrated/hybrid technology, process modeling of water treatment and novel treatment processes. Submissions on the subject of adsorbents, including standard measurements of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium will only be considered if there is a genuine case for novelty and contribution, for example highly novel, sustainable adsorbents and their use: papers on activated carbon-type materials derived from natural matter, or surfactant-modified clays and related minerals, would not fulfil this criterion. The Journal particularly welcomes contributions involving environmentally, economically and socially sustainable technology for water treatment, including those which are energy-efficient, with minimal or no chemical consumption, and capable of water recycling and reuse that minimizes the direct disposal of wastewater to the aquatic environment. Papers that describe novel ideas for solving issues related to water quality and availability are also welcome, as are those that show the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. The Journal will consider papers dealing with processes for various water matrices including drinking water (except desalination), domestic, urban and industrial wastewaters, in addition to their residues. It is expected that the journal will be of particular relevance to chemical and process engineers working in the field. The Journal welcomes Full Text papers, Short Communications, State-of-the-Art Reviews and Letters to Editors and Case Studies