Nickel oxide/graphene-based temperature sensor: Flexible design with low processing temperatures and high stability

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2025.116693

Mahtab Taheri , Kadhir Ponnambalam , Ahmad M. Al Shboul , Mohsen Ketabi , M. Jamal Deen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study presents the development and characterization of a flexible temperature sensor based on a composite of nickel oxide (NiO) and graphene, optimized for environmental monitoring. The sensor exhibits Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) behavior, with electrical resistance decreasing as temperature increases. The PS concentration significantly influenced the sensor's response, with higher concentrations leading to increased temperature sensitivity (higher β-values) but also introducing nonlinearity. We tailored the sensor's sensitivity and thermal response, achieving a β-value range from 1121 K to 2354 K between the temperature range −10℃ and 50℃. The sensor demonstrated rapid response time of 20 seconds, low hysteresis of 3.2 kΩ, a good resolution of ± 0.5°C, high repeatability across multiple temperature cycles with temperature range of −10℃ and 50℃, and high sensing stability over two months with a mean B-value of 2338.8 K and standard deviation of 36.46 K. It also showed enhanced stability against humidity up to 45 % RH. Long-term performance tests confirmed the sensor's robustness, with minimal drift in electrical resistance over 10 hours and consistent β-values over two months. The sensor was successfully applied to monitor temperature changes in controlled environments, demonstrating its potential for reliable, low-cost temperature monitoring in various applications.

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氧化镍/石墨烯温度传感器：设计灵活，加工温度低，稳定性高

本研究提出了一种基于氧化镍（NiO）和石墨烯复合材料的柔性温度传感器的开发和表征，该传感器可用于环境监测。传感器表现出负温度系数（NTC）的行为，电阻随着温度的升高而降低。PS浓度显著影响传感器的响应，浓度越高，温度敏感性越高（β值越高），但也会引入非线性。我们对传感器的灵敏度和热响应进行了定制，在−10℃和50℃的温度范围内，β值范围为1121 K至2354 K。该传感器具有20 秒的快速响应时间，3.2 kΩ的低滞后，± 0.5°C的良好分辨率，−10℃和50℃的温度范围内的多个温度循环的高重复性，以及两个月的高传感稳定性，平均b值为2338.8 K，标准偏差为36.46 K。它也显示出增强的稳定性对湿度高达45 % RH。长期性能测试证实了传感器的坚固性，在10 小时内电阻漂移最小，在两个月内β值保持一致。该传感器已成功应用于监测受控环境中的温度变化，展示了其在各种应用中可靠、低成本的温度监测潜力。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators A-physical 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

6.50%

发文量

630

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas: • Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results. • Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. • Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays. • Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers. Etc...