Effects of a forage-based versus forage-replacement diet on fecal particle size, dry matter, nondigestible fiber content, and ultrasonic measurement of large colon motility in healthy horses

IF 1.3 3区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES
A. Starrett , M.K. Chaffin , J.O. Sarturi , J.L. Leatherwood , C.E. Arnold
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Diet is a risk factor for colic, but few studies have characterized the effects of diet on fecal characteristics or gastrointestinal motility, features affected by colic. This prospective crossover study determined how 2 standard equine diets affected fecal particle size (FPS), dry matter (DM), nondigestible fiber content, and ultrasonographic measurements of large colon motility. The authors hypothesized that horses fed a forage-based diet (FBD) would have increased values in the above variables compared with those fed a complete forage-replacement diet (CFR). Twenty horses (19 QH and 1 TB; median age 16.7, range 5–26; 15 mares and 5 geldings) at Texas Tech University School of Veterinary Medicine served as subjects, 16 of which completed the study. Horses were fed 2 diets for mature horses at maintenance: coastal Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) hay fed at 2% body weight (BW) with a commercially available concentrate-supplemented at 0.5% BW (FBD) and a commercially available pelleted, complete forage-replacement diet (CFR) fed at 1.35% of BW per manufacturer. After 3 d of dietary transition, followed by 13 d of acclimatization, fecal grab samples (800 g) were collected on the last 4 d twice daily via rectal palpation at 12-h intervals with times advancing 3 h each day to account for diurnal variation. Fecal DM, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and lignin content were evaluated. The FPS, the size distribution of solid particles in feces, was evaluated using a Gilson Sieve Shaker with screen sizes 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm, 1.70 mm, 1.18 mm, 1.00 µm, 180 µm, and a collection pan. Large colon motility was assessed with percutaneous ultrasound 3 d before fecal collection in 4 randomly selected horses daily (n = 12). Contractions at the sternal and pelvic flexures and cecum were conducted twice daily, 2 h after feeding. Statistical analysis was performed with R Studio using a Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene's test, and classic 2-way ANOVA. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05. Diet had no main effect on FPS. Fecal DM was increased in horses fed CFR (P < 0.0001). Horses fed CFR had an increased concentration of ADF (P = 0.000) and lignin (P = 0.01), but decreased NDF (P < 0.0001) compared with those fed the FBD. Horses fed the CFR had increased contractions at the sternal flexure compared with horses fed FBD (P < 0.0001). This study found that diet impacts the physical characteristics of feces and gastrointestinal motility of healthy horses, which may impact equine colic.
基于饲料与替代饲料对健康马粪便颗粒大小、干物质、不可消化纤维含量和超声测量大结肠运动的影响
饮食是肠绞痛的一个危险因素,但很少有研究表明饮食对肠绞痛影响的粪便特征或胃肠运动的影响。这项前瞻性交叉研究确定了2种标准马饲料如何影响粪便颗粒大小(FPS)、干物质(DM)、不可消化纤维含量和大结肠运动的超声测量。作者假设,与饲喂完全替代饲料(CFR)的马相比,饲喂以饲料为基础的饲料(FBD)的马在上述变量中的值会增加。20匹马(19匹QH, 1匹TB);中位年龄16.7岁,范围5-26岁;德克萨斯理工大学兽医学院的15匹母马和5匹幼马作为研究对象,其中16匹完成了研究。马在维持期饲喂2种饲粮:沿海百慕大草(Cynodon dactylon)干草饲喂2%体重(BW),商用浓缩饲料添加0.5%体重(FBD),商用颗粒状完全替代饲料(CFR)饲喂1.35%体重(每个制造商)。在3 d的饮食过渡期和13 d的适应期后,在最后4 d通过直肠触诊每天两次收集粪便样品(800 g),每次间隔12 h,每天提前3 h,以说明日变化。测定粪便DM、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和木质素含量。采用筛型分别为4.75 mm、2.36 mm、1.70 mm、1.18 mm、1.00µm、180µm的Gilson振动筛和收集盘对粪便中固体颗粒的粒径分布FPS进行评价。每天随机选择4匹马,在收集粪便前3天通过经皮超声评估大结肠运动(n = 12)。在喂养后2小时进行胸骨、骨盆屈曲和盲肠的收缩,每天2次。使用R Studio进行统计分析,采用Shapiro-Wilk检验、Levene检验和经典的2-way ANOVA。结果在P <被认为是显著的;0.05. 饮食对FPS无主要影响。饲喂CFR的马粪便DM增加(P <;0.0001)。饲喂CFR的马ADF (P = 0.000)和木质素(P = 0.01)浓度升高,NDF (P <;0.0001)。与饲喂FBD的马相比,饲喂CFR的马胸骨屈曲处收缩增加(P <;0.0001)。本研究发现,饮食会影响健康马的粪便物理特征和胃肠道运动,从而可能影响马的肠绞痛。
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来源期刊
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
7.70%
发文量
249
审稿时长
77 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science (JEVS) is an international publication designed for the practicing equine veterinarian, equine researcher, and other equine health care specialist. Published monthly, each issue of JEVS includes original research, reviews, case reports, short communications, and clinical techniques from leaders in the equine veterinary field, covering such topics as laminitis, reproduction, infectious disease, parasitology, behavior, podology, internal medicine, surgery and nutrition.
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