Physicomechanical properties of resin-based composites photo-polymerized using laser, polywave and quadwave curing lights

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.dental.2025.04.001

Maria Tereza Hordones Ribeiro , Richard Bengt Price , Pierre-Luc Michaud , Carlos José Soares

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Abstract

Objectives

This study evaluated the fracture toughness (K_IC), energy absorption E and Vickers hardness (VH) of resin-based composites (RBC) photo-polymerized with new light curing unit (LCU) technologies: one laser diode (Monet Laser - AMD Lasers), one polywave™ LED (PowerCure - Ivoclar) and one quadwave LED (PinkWave - Apex).

Methods

Two conventional: Evo, Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar) and FS, Filtek Supreme (Solventum); and two bulk-fill: PF, PowerFill (Ivoclar) and AF, Admira Fusion x-tra (VOCO) were tested. The RBC specimens were photo-polymerized for 1 second with the Monet, 3 seconds with the PinkWave in the 3-second-high output mode, and the 10-second standard mode using the PowerCure light. The power (mW), irradiance (mW/cm²), radiant exposure (J/cm²), and emission spectrum (mW/cm²/nm) were measured using a fiberoptic spectrometer attached to an integrating sphere. K_IC (K_IC, MPa·m^1/2) was obtained using an 8.2 mm diameter and 2.0 mm thick metal mold. After 24-hour storage at 37 °C, the K_IC was measured in a universal testing machine at a rate of 0.5 mm/min. The energy absorption (E, N/mm) up to failure was calculated. The Vickers hardness (VH, Kg/mm²) was measured at the bottom of the K_IC specimen. Data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey multiple comparison test (α = 0.05).

Results

Both the K_IC and VH were significantly influenced by the light-curing unit/exposure time and by the RBC used (p < .001). The Monet emitted the highest power (1501.4 mW) but delivered the lowest radiant exposure (3.0 J/cm²). In general, the K_IC values did not differ when RBCs were photo-polymerized with PowerCure in the standard 10 s or 3 s modes, except for the Admira Fusion x-tra. The K_IC, VH and energy absorption to failure values were higher for all RBCs when photo-polymerized with PowerCure in the Standard mode for 10 s and lowest with the Monet used for 1 s. Filtek Supreme had the highest VH values regardless of the curing light unit/exposure time. The VH was better at detecting differences between the LCUs/exposure time and the RBC.

Significance

Short 1–3 s exposure times produce inferior physicomechanical properties in some RBCs compared to a 10 s exposure at a lower irradiance. Clinicians should understand how much energy the manufacturers of the RBCs are recommending should be delivered to their RBC.

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激光、多波和四波固化光聚合树脂基复合材料的物理力学性能

目的研究采用新型光固化单元（LCU）：一个激光二极管（Monet laser - AMD Lasers）、一个多波LED （PowerCure - Ivoclar）和一个四波LED （PinkWave - Apex）光聚合树脂基复合材料（RBC）的断裂韧性（KIC）、能量吸收E和维氏硬度（VH）。方法两种常规：Evo， Tetric EvoCeram （Ivoclar）和FS， Filtek Supreme (Solventum)；两种填充剂：PF、PowerFill （Ivoclar）和AF、Admira Fusion x-tra （VOCO）。使用Monet光聚合1 秒，使用PinkWave在3秒高输出模式下光聚合3 秒，使用PowerCure光聚合10秒标准模式。利用连接在积分球上的光纤光谱仪测量了功率（mW）、辐照度（mW/cm2）、辐射曝光（J/cm2）和发射光谱（mW/cm2/nm）。采用直径8.2 mm、厚度2.0 mm的金属模具获得KIC （KIC, MPa·m1/2）。37℃保存24小时后，在万能试验机中以0.5 mm/min的速率测量KIC。计算了失效前的能量吸收（E, N/mm）。在KIC试样底部测量维氏硬度（VH, Kg/mm2）。数据分析采用双因素方差分析和Tukey多重比较检验（α = 0.05）。结果KIC和VH均受光固化单位/曝光时间和所用红细胞的影响（p <； .001）。莫奈的发射功率最高（1501.4 mW），但辐射曝光最低（3.0 J/cm2）。一般来说，除了Admira Fusion x-tra外，使用PowerCure在标准的10 s或3 s模式下光聚合红细胞时，KIC值没有差异。在标准模式下使用PowerCure光聚合10 s时，所有红细胞的KIC、VH和能量吸收到失效值都较高，使用莫奈光聚合1 s时最低。无论固化光单位/曝光时间如何，Filtek Supreme的VH值最高。VH在检测lcu /暴露时间和RBC之间的差异方面表现较好。与在较低辐照度下10 s的曝光相比，短1-3 s的曝光时间在某些红细胞中产生较差的物理力学性能。临床医生应该了解红细胞制造商推荐给红细胞的能量是多少。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Dental Materials 工程技术-材料科学：生物材料

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

10.00%

发文量

290

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Dental Materials publishes original research, review articles, and short communications. Academy of Dental Materials members click here to register for free access to Dental Materials online. The principal aim of Dental Materials is to promote rapid communication of scientific information between academia, industry, and the dental practitioner. Original Manuscripts on clinical and laboratory research of basic and applied character which focus on the properties or performance of dental materials or the reaction of host tissues to materials are given priority publication. Other acceptable topics include application technology in clinical dentistry and dental laboratory technology. Comprehensive reviews and editorial commentaries on pertinent subjects will be considered.