Traditional to modern perspectives on Neem (Azadirachta indica): A gateway to bioactive compounds, sustainable agrochemicals and industrial applications

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Industrial Crops and Products Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121155

Ashok Kumar Dhakad , Rahul Kumar , Raman Choudhary , Simrat Singh , Salman Khan , Pawan Kumar Poonia

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Abstract

Azadirachta indica (Neem) is miracle tree cultivated in Indian subcontinent for around 4500 years ago owing to its medicinal and pesticidal significance due to its potential life saver phytochemical ingredients and have traditionally been used as folk medicine to treat ailments and as an agrochemicals. Despite several research confirmed that Neem includes a range of active components, a thorough compilation of references and in-depth analysis of the phytochemical profiling, pharmacological potential, traditional applications, agrochemical agents, and industrial uses of this amazing tree is lacking till date. This review attempted to compile an exhaustive review pretaining to systematic research on phytochemistry, biological properties, phytotoxic qualities, and industrial uses that have been compiled from an exhaustive literature search (1921–2025). Evidences from literature suggested that neem tree has ∼186 biologically active ingredients especially ‘Azadirachtin’ isolated from neem plant parts. According to reports, the other bioactive substances with potential biological and medicinal properties are nimbinin and nimbidin. Many Asian and African nations have made commercial utilization of neem for the production of neem-based agrochemicals, pesticides for agriculture and extraction of beneficial compounds for the cosmetics industry. These compounds had an immense potential to treat a number of chronic diseases in plants and animals. The future research is being directed towards utilization of neem for biosynthesis of large-scale production of nanoparticles for theraptutic activities and environmental amelioration.

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印度楝树（印楝）的传统到现代观点：通向生物活性化合物、可持续农用化学品和工业应用的大门

印楝树是一种神奇的树，大约4500年前在印度次大陆种植，由于其潜在的拯救生命的植物化学成分，它具有药用和杀虫意义，传统上被用作民间药物治疗疾病和农用化学品。尽管有几项研究证实印度楝树含有一系列活性成分，但迄今为止，对这棵神奇的树的植物化学特征、药理潜力、传统应用、农用化学剂和工业用途的全面参考文献和深入分析仍然缺乏。这篇综述试图从详尽的文献检索（1921-2025）中编写一份详尽的综述，以保存对植物化学、生物特性、植物毒性和工业用途的系统研究。文献证据表明，印楝树含有约186种生物活性成分，特别是从印楝植物中分离出的印楝素。据报道，其他具有潜在生物学和药用特性的生物活性物质是尼比宁和尼比定。许多亚洲和非洲国家已经将楝树商业化，用于生产以楝树为基础的农用化学品、农业农药和提取化妆品行业的有益化合物。这些化合物在治疗植物和动物的许多慢性疾病方面具有巨大的潜力。未来的研究方向是利用楝树进行生物合成，大规模生产用于治疗活性和改善环境的纳米颗粒。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Industrial Crops and Products 农林科学-农业工程

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

8.50%

发文量

1518

审稿时长

43 days

期刊介绍： Industrial Crops and Products is an International Journal publishing academic and industrial research on industrial (defined as non-food/non-feed) crops and products. Papers concern both crop-oriented and bio-based materials from crops-oriented research, and should be of interest to an international audience, hypothesis driven, and where comparisons are made statistics performed.