Retrofitting the natural gas combined cycle through integration with chemical looping hydrogen generation and ammonia synthesis toward a carbon-neutral trigeneration system

IF 10 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Cleaner Production Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145691

Azaria Haykal Ahmad , Alfian Muhammad Reza , Muhammad Aziz

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Abstract

The global electricity sector is currently dominated by fossil fuels, posing a significant challenge to achieving net-zero emissions targets. Decarbonizing the power sector while utilizing existing fossil fuel-based power plants is essential. Natural gas (NG), the second-largest source of electricity globally, can be partially replaced with hydrogen (H₂) and/or ammonia (NH₃). A 50:50 M mixture of H₂ and NH₃ offers a promising solution, providing a flame speed comparable to NG while addressing these limitations. Despite this potential, H₂ production is still predominantly reliant on fossil fuel-based grey H₂. In this study, the integration of biomass CLHG, NH₃ synthesis, and an existing 500 MW NGCC power plant was investigated through process simulation and off-design analysis. This approach addressed key limitations of conventional H₂ and NH₃ production pathways and assessed necessary modifications to accommodate H₂-NH₃ co-firing while maintaining efficiency. The CLHG system achieved an H₂ production efficiency of 75 %, while the NH₃ synthesis process exhibited an efficiency of 63 %. When NG was replaced by the H₂-NH₃ mixture, the overall efficiency of the system decreased from 56.19 % to 47.1 %, primarily due to fuel production processes. Under partial load conditions, the efficiency trends of NGCC were comparable to those observed in conventional NGCC systems, except at 40 % load, due to the high steam flow rate in the heat recovery steam generator. The calculated levelized cost of electricity for the integrated system was 0.1075 USD/kWh, lower than that of imported fuels. Additionally, the levelized costs of H₂ and NH₃ were 1.439 USD/kg-H₂ and 0.365 USD/kg-NH₃, respectively. By leveraging a steady-state CLHG-NH₃ system with flexible NGCC operation, this study presents a viable pathway for decarbonizing NGCC plants while ensuring cost competitiveness in a transitioning energy market.

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通过与化学环制氢和合成氨相结合，改造天然气联合循环，形成碳中性的三联产系统

目前，全球电力行业以化石燃料为主，这对实现净零排放目标构成了重大挑战。在利用现有化石燃料发电厂的同时，使电力部门脱碳是至关重要的。天然气（NG）是全球第二大电力来源，可以部分被氢气（H2）和/或氨（NH3）取代。H2和NH3的50:50摩尔混合物提供了一个有前途的解决方案，提供与NG相当的火焰速度，同时解决了这些限制。尽管有这种潜力，氢气生产仍然主要依赖于基于化石燃料的灰色氢气。在本研究中，通过过程模拟和非设计分析，研究了生物质CLHG， NH3合成和现有500mw NGCC发电厂的整合。该方法解决了传统H2和NH3生产途径的主要局限性，并评估了在保持效率的同时适应H2-NH3共烧的必要修改。CLHG制氢效率为75%，NH3合成效率为63%。当天然气被H2-NH3混合物取代时，系统的整体效率从56.19%下降到47.1%，主要是由于燃料生产过程。在部分负荷条件下，由于余热蒸汽发生器的蒸汽流量较大，除负荷为40%时外，NGCC系统的效率变化趋势与常规NGCC系统相当。综合系统计算的平准化电费为0.1075美元/千瓦时，低于进口燃料电费。H2和NH3的平准化成本分别为1.439美元/kg-H2和0.365美元/kg-NH3。通过利用具有灵活NGCC操作的稳态CLHG-NH3系统，本研究为NGCC工厂脱碳提供了一条可行的途径，同时确保了能源市场转型中的成本竞争力。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cleaner Production 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.40

自引率

9.00%

发文量

4720

审稿时长

111 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cleaner Production is an international, transdisciplinary journal that addresses and discusses theoretical and practical Cleaner Production, Environmental, and Sustainability issues. It aims to help societies become more sustainable by focusing on the concept of 'Cleaner Production', which aims at preventing waste production and increasing efficiencies in energy, water, resources, and human capital use. The journal serves as a platform for corporations, governments, education institutions, regions, and societies to engage in discussions and research related to Cleaner Production, environmental, and sustainability practices.