Carolyn J Reuland,Laura Nicolaou,Maureen M Black,Mingling Yang,Ryan McCord,Milagros Alvarado,Fiorella Arana,Paola S Sanchez,Kendra N Williams,Shakir Hossen,Marilú Chiang,Stella M Hartinger,William Checkley
{"title":"Effects of cooking with liquefied petroleum gas or biomass fuels on neurodevelopmental outcomes in pre-school aged children living in Puno, Peru.","authors":"Carolyn J Reuland,Laura Nicolaou,Maureen M Black,Mingling Yang,Ryan McCord,Milagros Alvarado,Fiorella Arana,Paola S Sanchez,Kendra N Williams,Shakir Hossen,Marilú Chiang,Stella M Hartinger,William Checkley","doi":"10.1289/ehp15500","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\r\nBurning biomass fuels for cooking is a widespread environmental exposure that may adversely affect child health. We conducted an 18-month randomized field trial comparing a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove, continuous fuel delivery and behavioral messaging intervention starting in pregnancy through infancy with usual cooking practices using biomass fuels in Puno, Peru. A total of 800 pregnant women were enrolled. The intervention successfully lowered personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregnancy and infancy.\r\n\r\nOBJECTIVE\r\nWe sought to evaluate the effects of the intervention on neurodevelopment among pre-school aged offspring.\r\n\r\nMETHODS\r\nWe conducted a longitudinal follow-up study in a subset of Peruvian children born during the trial and assessed neurodevelopment between 24 and 36 months of age. Trained staff measured neurodevelopment using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition (Bayley-III). The Bayley-III neurodevelopmental assessment test yields separate cognition, language, and motor scores. We measured personal exposures to PM2.5 three times during pregnancy and three times in infancy. We conducted modified intention-to-treat analyses of the intervention on Bayley-III scores, and exposure-response analyses between pre-natal and post-natal PM2.5 exposures and Bayley-III scores.\r\n\r\nRESULTS\r\nA total of 301 children (mean age 29.0 ± 3.5 months; 47.8% girls; and 54.8% in intervention) were visited. Mean cognitive, language and motor scores were 90.8 ± 11.0, 89.0 ± 10.8, and 95.3 ± 12.9, respectively. On intention-to-treat, the adjusted differences between intervention and control arms were -1.9 (98.3% CI -4.9 to 1.2), -2.9 (-6.0 to 0.1), and -1.4 (-5.0 to 2.3) for the composite cognitive, language, and motor scores, respectively. We did not identify associations between PM2.5 exposures during the 18-month intervention and any of the Bayley-III scores, or when the personal exposures to PM2.5 were separated as either prenatal or post-natal.\r\n\r\nDISCUSSION\r\nThe LPG intervention did not improve neurodevelopment in Peruvian children. We also did not find an association between prenatal or post-natal PM2.5 exposures and neurodevelopment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15500.","PeriodicalId":11862,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health Perspectives","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Health Perspectives","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp15500","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Burning biomass fuels for cooking is a widespread environmental exposure that may adversely affect child health. We conducted an 18-month randomized field trial comparing a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove, continuous fuel delivery and behavioral messaging intervention starting in pregnancy through infancy with usual cooking practices using biomass fuels in Puno, Peru. A total of 800 pregnant women were enrolled. The intervention successfully lowered personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregnancy and infancy.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to evaluate the effects of the intervention on neurodevelopment among pre-school aged offspring.
METHODS
We conducted a longitudinal follow-up study in a subset of Peruvian children born during the trial and assessed neurodevelopment between 24 and 36 months of age. Trained staff measured neurodevelopment using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition (Bayley-III). The Bayley-III neurodevelopmental assessment test yields separate cognition, language, and motor scores. We measured personal exposures to PM2.5 three times during pregnancy and three times in infancy. We conducted modified intention-to-treat analyses of the intervention on Bayley-III scores, and exposure-response analyses between pre-natal and post-natal PM2.5 exposures and Bayley-III scores.
RESULTS
A total of 301 children (mean age 29.0 ± 3.5 months; 47.8% girls; and 54.8% in intervention) were visited. Mean cognitive, language and motor scores were 90.8 ± 11.0, 89.0 ± 10.8, and 95.3 ± 12.9, respectively. On intention-to-treat, the adjusted differences between intervention and control arms were -1.9 (98.3% CI -4.9 to 1.2), -2.9 (-6.0 to 0.1), and -1.4 (-5.0 to 2.3) for the composite cognitive, language, and motor scores, respectively. We did not identify associations between PM2.5 exposures during the 18-month intervention and any of the Bayley-III scores, or when the personal exposures to PM2.5 were separated as either prenatal or post-natal.
DISCUSSION
The LPG intervention did not improve neurodevelopment in Peruvian children. We also did not find an association between prenatal or post-natal PM2.5 exposures and neurodevelopment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15500.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) is a monthly peer-reviewed journal supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Its mission is to facilitate discussions on the connections between the environment and human health by publishing top-notch research and news. EHP ranks third in Public, Environmental, and Occupational Health, fourth in Toxicology, and fifth in Environmental Sciences.