The Comprehensive Analysis of Stratification and Chemical Reaction on MHD Flow Along an Impulsively Started Infinite Vertical Plate in Presence of Radiation and Heat Source Through Porous Medium

Abstract

This study analytically investigates the impact of thermal stratification on unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow along an infinite vertical plate in a porous medium, incorporating chemical reaction, radiation, and heat source. Using the Laplace transform method, exact solutions for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles were derived, offering a novel approach without approximations. Results show that increased stratification significantly reduces velocity and temperature profiles, with peak velocity decreasing by approximately 35% compared with the nonstratified case ($\gamma =0$). Higher radiation and Darcy number enhance heat transfer, as reflected in an increased Nusselt number. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing thermal and mass transfer systems in industrial applications, such as cooling processes, energy optimization, and pollution control.