High-efficiency CuO-CB6/Co–Al LDH nanocomposite electrode for next-generation energy storage†

Abstract

Supercapacitors are a highly effective choice for energy storage applications. The high specific power, quick charge–discharge time, and inexpensive upkeep of supercapacitors have sparked immense interest in the energy industry and research. The advancement of high-quality supercapacitors depends heavily on the exploitation of composite electrode materials. This study involves the synthesis of cucurbit[6]uril-stabilized CuO nanoparticles (CuO-CB6 NPs) using a simple reduction method, which were then integrated onto cobalt–aluminium layered double hydroxide (Co–Al LDH) in three different ratios (1 : 1, 1 : 2, and 2 : 1) to create CuO-CB6/Co–Al LDH nanocomposites. The structural and chemical properties of the suggested nanocomposites are analyzed using various spectroscopic techniques. The electrochemical performance of CuO-CB6, Co–Al LDH, and CuO-CB6/Co–Al LDH nanocomposites is evaluated using CV, GCD, and EIS measurements. The electrochemical performance of the 1 : 2 CuO-CB6/Co–Al LDH nanocomposite reveals a notable specific capacitance of 1862 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.45 A g⁻¹. Electrochemical impedance analysis indicates a low charge transfer resistance value and thereby enhanced electrical conductivity for the nanocomposite. The 1 : 2 CuO-CB6/Co–Al LDH nanocomposite demonstrates significant long-term cycling stability, retaining 79% of its initial specific capacitance after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 7.27 A g⁻¹. These findings suggest that the 1 : 2 CuO-CB6/Co–Al LDH nanocomposite exhibits improved electrochemical performance and can be used as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications.