Physical security attacks on symbol masking schemes using time-spread cryptographic keys in digital coherent communication

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 OPTICS

Optics Communications Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131986

Keiji Shimada, Reika Suketomo, Masahiro Misumi, Mizuki Inagaki, Takahiro Kodama

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this study, we propose and evaluate a time-spread cryptographic key scheme for enhancing the physical layer security of optical communication systems. The proposed method diffuses cryptographic key information in the time domain, introducing complexity to the relationship between keys and symbols. This scheme is applied to both symbol-variable and symbol-fixed masking schemes, focusing on Nyquist dual-polarization M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals (M = 4, 16). Simulations are conducted to analyze the normalized generalized mutual information (NGMI) characteristics under various conditions, including eavesdropping scenarios with varying wiretap ratios and time-spreading parameters. Results demonstrate that the time-spread cryptographic key scheme effectively degrades the signal quality for eavesdroppers, maintaining NGMI below the forward error correction threshold (NGMI = 0.8) even at high eavesdropping rates of 50 %, 99 %, and 100 %. Furthermore, the scheme preserves the integrity of encryption randomness while requiring minimal modification to existing communication architectures. These findings establish the robustness of the proposed approach, and offer a promising solution for secure optical communication systems.

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数字相干通信中使用时扩密钥的符号掩蔽方案的物理安全攻击

在本研究中，我们提出并评估了一种用于提高光通信系统物理层安全性的时扩加密密钥方案。该方法在时域内扩散密钥信息，使密钥与符号之间的关系变得复杂。该方案适用于符号可变掩蔽方案和符号固定掩蔽方案，重点是Nyquist双偏振M-ary正交调幅信号（M = 4,16）。通过仿真分析了不同条件下的归一化广义互信息（NGMI）特性，包括不同窃听率和时间扩散参数下的窃听场景。结果表明，时间扩展密钥方案有效地降低了窃听者的信号质量，即使在50%、99%和100%的高窃听率下，也能保持NGMI低于前向纠错阈值（NGMI = 0.8）。此外，该方案保留了加密随机性的完整性，同时需要对现有通信体系结构进行最小的修改。这些发现建立了所提出方法的鲁棒性，并为安全光通信系统提供了一个有前途的解决方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optics Communications 物理-光学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

8.30%

发文量

681

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Optics Communications invites original and timely contributions containing new results in various fields of optics and photonics. The journal considers theoretical and experimental research in areas ranging from the fundamental properties of light to technological applications. Topics covered include classical and quantum optics, optical physics and light-matter interactions, lasers, imaging, guided-wave optics and optical information processing. Manuscripts should offer clear evidence of novelty and significance. Papers concentrating on mathematical and computational issues, with limited connection to optics, are not suitable for publication in the Journal. Similarly, small technical advances, or papers concerned only with engineering applications or issues of materials science fall outside the journal scope.