Fucoxanthin supplemented combinatorial treatment accelerates diabetic wound healing in rats by targeting hypermethylation of Ang-1 promoter via DNMT-1 inhibition

Abstract

It has been widely established that DNA methyl transferase 1 has a role in the epigenetic regulation of numerous complications including diabetes and inhibition of the same is widely being seen as a potential therapeutic mechanism to treat these complications. Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid that has widely been reported to have a wealth of biological functions. Fucoxanthin is believed to be involved in a broad spectrum of pathways to produce anti-cancer, anti-obesity and antioxidant effects. In this study, fucoxanthin was encapsulated within myristic acid and BSA particles. These particles were tested for their physicochemical properties and fucoxanthin encapsulated within these particles exhibited superior thermal and storage stability. In-vitro digestion tests were carried out further confirming the ability of the encapsulation process to enhance the biological activity of fucoxanthin. The efficacy of fucoxanthin encapsulated particles were evaluated at in-vivo level using diabetic wound models in wistar rats. Fucoxanthin when delivered as an oral supplement in combination with linseed polysaccharide gel as wound dressing managed to significantly accelerate wound healing progression when compared with control and treatment groups. Fucoxanthin when delivered orally also managed to significantly inhibit DNA methyl transferase 1 leading to Angiopoietin 1 upregulation eventually resulting in accelerated wound healing.