Advanced nanomaterials for health monitoring and diagnostics in next-generation wearable sensors

Abstract

The rapid development of advanced nanomaterials attracts considerable attention in wearable sensing technology due to its conductivity, selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, biocompatibility, and active sites in the way of design, fabrication, extensive materials, and exploring the flexible sensing devices to enhance the accuracy and monitoring the signals. The innovative nano materials required various advanced characterized techniques to develop tactile sensors with fundamental sensing capabilities and create efficient materials with tailored electrical and mechanical properties. Here, we provide insights into various innovative nanomaterials, including metal, carbon, and polymer-based materials, with computational studies for the efficient development of wearable technologies. Specifically, it explains the computational study involving materials selection, advanced synthesis methods, and structural engineering development to fabricate the potential and most accurate wearable sensing devices. The review focused on the fabrication of wearable sensors, including the physio-chemical properties of microneedles involved in the real-time monitoring application. In addition, electrochemical and electromechanical techniques based on wearable sensors were comprehensively discussed for a clear understanding of methods used to develop wearable sensors. Moreover, this review systematically analyzes the various health monitoring wearable sensors that are currently available, and it delivers advantages, efficiency, safety and also helps to understand the drawbacks to resolve in the future. In this regard, we summarize the role and importance of advanced nanomaterials, computational studies, components and physio-mechanical properties, structure and design of wearable sensors, detection techniques, wearables involved in health monitoring, and as well as future perspectives.