Hydrogeochemical provenance and evolution in Ganhai Well’s groundwater, Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Ore and Energy Resource Geology Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.oreoa.2025.100101

Guanchun Chen , Liang Tang , Long-Fei Gou , Chuan Jiang , Yang Xu

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Abstract

The Ganhai Well (27.48° N, 101.46° E), an earthquake monitoring well since September 1980, is situated in the earthquake-prone of the eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. Despite years of monitoring, the hydrogeochemical origins and evolution of groundwater in the well remain unclear. Based on a weekly water sampling in 2022, the hydrochemical characteristics of the Ganhai Well were extrapolated. (1) The groundwater’s ions are derived from evaporite (45.2–48.0 %) and silicate rocks (36.4–40.9 %), followed by carbonate rocks (12.2–15.4 %), and negligible anthropogenic inputs (less than 1 %). In the Ganhai Well, calcite tends to precipitate and crystallise, whereas dolomite maintains equilibrium with the solution. (2) It is a significant observation that the groundwater within the Ganhai Well is deep-seated, confined soda water (HCO₃·Cl-Na type), characterised by minor temporal fluctuations in its ionic concentrations and high stability. This hydrogeochemical profile establishes it as an extremely valuable and sustainable water resource, offering considerable support for regional ecological preservation and economic development.

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青藏高原东部干海井地下水水文地球化学物源及演化

干海井（27.48°N, 101.46°E）位于中国青藏高原东部地震多发区，是1980年9月以来的地震监测井。尽管经过多年的监测，该井中地下水的水文地球化学起源和演化仍不清楚。根据2022年每周的采样数据，推断了干海井的水化学特征。(1)地下水离子主要来源于蒸发岩（45.2% ~ 48.0%）和硅酸盐（36.4% ~ 40.9%），其次是碳酸盐岩（12.2% ~ 15.4%），人为输入可以忽略不计（小于1%）。甘海井中方解石趋于沉淀结晶，白云石与溶液保持平衡。(2)观察到赣海井区地下水为深部承压苏打水（HCO₃·Cl-Na型），具有离子浓度时间波动小、稳定性高的特点。这一水文地球化学剖面为区域生态保护和经济发展提供了重要支撑。

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Ore and Energy Resource Geology

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