The Flexible Electronic Reflection Smart Windows for Automobiles and Architecture

Abstract

We introduce an in situ polymerization route of electrolytes for reversible metal electrodeposition (RME) devices for the first time. This method addresses the issue that initial high-viscosity gel electrolytes are difficult to use in large-area flexible devices, advancing the practical application of flexible electronic reflection devices (F-ERD). The in situ polymerized quasi-solid-state electrolytes significantly enhanced the mechanical properties and safety of devices. Our F-ERD exhibits an average transmition modulation range of 81.6% in the visible spectrum and an average reflectivity of 88.3% in its reflective state, with only a 9.3% reduction in visible-light modulation range after 1000 bending cycles. Notably, we have successfully fabricated the largest flexible RME device (171 cm²) to date. This study also pioneers the use of flexible RME-based smart windows in automotive panoramic sunroof designs. Energy consumption simulations reveal that F-ERD offers substantial energy-saving potential across various seasons and regional conditions. Furthermore, outdoor temperature experiments demonstrate superior temperature management capabilities, with rooms equipped with F-ERD being 12.4 °C cooler than those with conventional glass windows. This research lays a foundation for applying RME technology on flexible surfaces, promising significant impacts on energy-efficient vehicles and environmentally friendly buildings.