Physiological alterations around the menopause transition—A 2-year follow-up in PRE, PERI, and POST menopause females

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1111/cpf.70011

Paul A. Baker, Sam R. Moore, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

The menopause transition is a critical period marked by significant physiological adaptations. Data on the dynamic changes in body composition and metabolism during this transition are limited. The purpose was to determine body composition and metabolic changes over a 2-year follow-up in a cross-sectional sample of premenopausal (PRE), perimenopausal (PERI), and postmenopausal (POST) females.

Methods

Twenty-three females who previously participated in a cross-sectional study returned for a 2-year follow-up visit were classified as PRE, PERI, or POST based on menstrual history and a Menopause Health Questionnaire. Muscle size [muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA)] and muscle quality [echo intensity, (EI)] were evaluated in the vastus lateralis with ultrasound. Bone mass and body composition were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and metabolic flexibility through submax exercise with indirect calorimetry.

Results

At the 2-year follow-up, POST females had an increase in EI (change: 26.93 ± 12.82 a.u., group×time p-adjusted = 0.001) with no change in mCSA (change: −2.03 ± 2.40 cm², group×time p = 0.980). PERI compared to PRE females had lower total bone mass (group×time p-adjusted = 0.029) with an even lower bone mass in POST compared to PERI females (group×time p-adjusted = 0.023). No differences in metabolic flexibility at any exercise intensity were observed between groups over time (group×time p = ≥ 0.05).

Conclusion

This study highlights a decline in muscle quality and total bone mass despite stable muscle size, emphasizing the need for targeted exercise and nutrition interventions to support muscle and bone health in females around the menopause transition.

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绝经前后的生理变化——绝经前、绝经期和绝经后女性的2年随访

绝经过渡期是一个重要的生理适应时期。关于这一转变过程中身体成分和新陈代谢的动态变化的数据是有限的。目的是确定绝经前（PRE）、围绝经期（PERI）和绝经后（POST）女性的横断面样本在2年随访期间的身体组成和代谢变化。方法对23名曾参加过横断面研究的女性进行为期2年的随访，根据月经史和绝经健康问卷将其分为PRE、PERI或POST。用超声评估股外侧肌的肌肉大小[肌肉横截面积（mCSA）]和肌肉质量[回声强度（EI）]。采用双能x线骨量测定法评估骨量和体成分，并采用间接量热法通过极限运动评估代谢灵活性。结果随访2年，术后女性EI增加（变化：26.93±12.82 a.u， group×time p校正= 0.001），mCSA无变化（变化：−2.03±2.40 cm²，group×time p = 0.980）。与PRE组相比，PRE组女性的总骨量更低（group×time p调整= 0.029），而POST组女性的骨量更低（group×time p调整= 0.023）。各组在任何运动强度下的代谢柔韧性随时间变化均无差异（group×time p =≥0.05）。本研究强调了肌肉质量和总骨量的下降，尽管肌肉大小稳定，强调需要有针对性的锻炼和营养干预，以支持绝经期女性的肌肉和骨骼健康。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging 医学-生理学

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging publishes reports on clinical and experimental research pertinent to human physiology in health and disease. The scope of the Journal is very broad, covering all aspects of the regulatory system in the cardiovascular, renal and pulmonary systems with special emphasis on methodological aspects. The focus for the journal is, however, work that has potential clinical relevance. The Journal also features review articles on recent front-line research within these fields of interest. Covered by the major abstracting services including Current Contents and Science Citation Index, Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging plays an important role in providing effective and productive communication among clinical physiologists world-wide.