An integrated approach for genetic risk profiling of typhoid, tuberculosis, and cholera in local population of tehsil Haripur

Abstract

Despite notable progress in public health throughout the 21st century, infectious diseases like tuberculosis, typhoid, and cholera remain serious threats to global health, particularly in high-risk regions. Understanding the genetic factors that influence susceptibility and resistance to these diseases is essential for developing more effective strategies for their prevention and treatment. This study investigates the genetic variations associated with these infectious diseases with a focus on regions where these diseases are most prevalent. The aim of this study is to identify genetic variants that may influence susceptibility to tuberculosis, typhoid, and cholera. A thorough analysis of genetic variants associated with susceptibility and resistance to tuberculosis, typhoid, and cholera was conducted. Using publicly available genetic data from various ethnic groups. The allele frequency of the prioritized variants was calculated to assess their distribution within the different populations, including Middle Eastern, Ashkenazi Jewish, European (Non-Finnish), Latino/Admixed American, South Asian, East Asian, European (Finnish), North Asian, Southeast Asian, African American, and Swedish populations. The variants of the IL1β gene exhibiting the highest allele frequencies in the South Asian population were identified and subsequently examined within the local population. Specifically, the variants rs1143627 and rs1143629, which demonstrate the highest allele frequencies and are associated with typhoid, tuberculosis, and cholera, were subjected to detailed analysis. To determine their distribution and potential impact on disease susceptibility. In the local population, statistical analysis of the available sample revealed allele frequencies of 0.1128 % for IL1β (rs1143627) and 0.18 % for IL1β (rs1143629). Furthermore, these findings revealed that certain genetic profiles may play a role in the population's overall response to infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, typhoid, and cholera. This research has the potential to guide future public health strategies for more effective management and prevention of these diseases.