Divergent responses of cropland soil available potassium to fertilization across the Sichuan Basin of China

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106654

Jinli Cheng , Dan Chen , Xinyi Chen , Yaruo Mao , Aiwen Li , Ke Zhu , Yaling Yu , Wanqi Tan , Bing Li , Bin Zhao , Qiquan Li

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Abstract

Understanding the mechanisms driving change in soil available potassium (soil AK) is crucial for guiding sustainable agricultural practices. Fertilization in agricultural agroecosystems can profoundly affect soil AK content by temporarily increasing soil AK concentration and leading to substantial potassium depletion through the stimulation of crop growth. However, the role of fertilizers in regulating soil AK and their interactions with environmental factors across diverse regions remain underexplored. This study investigated the effects of fertilization on soil AK content and the influence of environmental conditions using a dataset of over 4000 soil samples from the Sichuan Basin collected in the 1980s and 2010s. The results showed that soil AK in the study area increased from 83.43 mg/kg in the 1980s to 105.25 mg/kg in the 2010s, an increase of nearly a quarter of the initial value. In regions with low precipitation and clay-rich soils (soil clay content > 22.2 %, precipitation < 1000 mm), fertilization was positively correlated with soil AK change. However, in areas with high precipitation and sandy soils (soil clay content < 22.2 %, precipitation > 1000 mm), fertilization had no significant impact on soil AK. Additionally, precipitation had less influence on soil AK dynamics compared to soil texture. For clayey soils in areas with high precipitation, a parabolic relationship between fertilization and soil AK change was observed. In contrast, fertilization had no effect on soil AK in sandy soils, regardless of precipitation. These findings highlight the complex effects of interactions among the environmental factors like soil clay content and precipitation on soil AK change, and emphasize the need for fertilizer application strategies incorporating environment-specific mechanisms for demands of crop growth and prevention of wasting potassium fertilizer, especially underscoring the importance of soil clay content in optimizing fertilizer application.

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四川盆地农田土壤速效钾对施肥的差异响应

了解土壤速效钾变化的驱动机制对指导可持续农业实践至关重要。农业生态系统施肥可以通过暂时提高土壤速效钾浓度，刺激作物生长导致大量钾耗竭，从而深刻影响土壤速效钾含量。然而，在不同地区，肥料在调节土壤速效钾中的作用及其与环境因子的相互作用仍未得到充分探讨。利用20世纪80年代和2010年代收集的四川盆地4000多个土壤样品，研究了施肥对土壤速效钾含量的影响以及环境条件的影响。结果表明，研究区土壤速效钾从20世纪80年代的83.43 mg/kg增加到2010年代的105.25 mg/kg，增加了近1 / 4的初始值。在降水少、土壤粘质丰富的地区(土壤粘质含量>；22.2 %，沉淀<；1000 mm)，施肥与土壤速效钾变化呈正相关。然而，在高降水和沙质土壤地区(土壤粘土含量<；22.2 %，沉淀>；1000 mm)，施肥对土壤速效钾无显著影响。与土壤质地相比，降水对土壤速效钾动态的影响较小。在高降水地区，施肥与土壤速效钾变化呈抛物线关系。相比之下，施肥对沙质土壤速效钾没有影响，与降水无关。这些研究结果强调了土壤粘粒含量和降水等环境因子对土壤速效钾变化的复杂相互作用，并强调了考虑作物生长需求和防止钾肥浪费的环境特异性机制的施肥策略的必要性，特别是强调了土壤粘粒含量在优化施肥中的重要性。

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.