High-precision estimation of meteor radio echo angle of arrival over long antenna baselines under strong phase ambiguity

IF 2.8 3区地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Advances in Space Research Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2025.03.056

Dmitry Korotyshkin

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Abstract

This paper introduces a novel, universal, and computationally efficient technique for accurately determining the angles of arrival of meteor radio echoes acquired by meteor radar systems. Unlike traditional approaches, which rely on short baselines or specific antenna layouts, the proposed method is designed to address the challenge of strong phase ambiguity in the estimation of meteor echo arrival angles for arbitrary antenna layouts and long baselines in the antenna array. Besides, this technique utilizes the full information contained in the signal while maintaining minimal computational workload.

The technique proposed in this study not only ensures high precision in angle determination and minimizes the percentage of rough errors but also enhances the overall efficiency of the meteor radar complex. By leveraging a comprehensive signal processing approach, the method accounts for key factors such as the non-planarity of the antenna field and the sphericity issues of the wavefront, which are often overlooked in conventional systems.

Approbation of the proposed technique is performed on modernized phase interferometer of the meteor radar complex of Kazan Federal University (KFU) located in Russia. Taking into account the modernization of the antenna field to a size of 225 × 150 meters at the KFU meteor radar, this modernization has demonstrated a 3.6–6 times improvement in the accuracy of the angles of arrival compared to the classical SKiYMET radar with an antenna field size of 45 × 45 meters. Importantly, these advancements are achieved with significantly reduced computational complexity, making the method both practical and scalable.

The new approach presented in this paper is intended to open a new era of high-precision meteor observations on long baselines. It is expected to play a crucial role in advancing the study of fine altitude structures of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere dynamics, as well as in solving astronomical problems related to meteors and meteor showers.

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强相位模糊条件下长天线基线上流星无线电回波到达角的高精度估计

本文介绍了一种新的、通用的、计算效率高的技术，用于精确确定流星雷达系统获取的流星无线电回波的到达角。与传统方法依赖于短基线或特定天线布局不同，该方法旨在解决任意天线布局和天线阵列中长基线时流星回波到达角估计中的强相位模糊问题。此外，该技术利用了信号中包含的全部信息，同时保持最小的计算工作量。该技术不仅保证了角度确定的高精度，最大限度地减少了粗糙误差的百分比，而且提高了流星雷达综合体的整体效率。通过综合信号处理方法，该方法考虑了传统系统中经常忽略的关键因素，如天线场的非平面性和波前的球性问题。在俄罗斯喀山联邦大学流星雷达综合体的现代化相位干涉仪上对该技术进行了验证。考虑到KFU流星雷达的天线场现代化到225 × 150米的尺寸，这种现代化已经证明，与天线场尺寸为45 × 45米的经典SKiYMET雷达相比，到达角的精度提高了3.6-6倍。重要的是，这些进步是在显著降低计算复杂性的情况下实现的，使该方法既实用又可扩展。本文提出的新方法旨在开启长基线高精度流星观测的新时代。预计它将在推进中低层热层动力学精细高度结构的研究以及解决与流星和流星雨有关的天文问题方面发挥重要作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advances in Space Research 地学天文-地球科学综合

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

11.50%

发文量

800

审稿时长

5.8 months

期刊介绍： The COSPAR publication Advances in Space Research (ASR) is an open journal covering all areas of space research including: space studies of the Earth''s surface, meteorology, climate, the Earth-Moon system, planets and small bodies of the solar system, upper atmospheres, ionospheres and magnetospheres of the Earth and planets including reference atmospheres, space plasmas in the solar system, astrophysics from space, materials sciences in space, fundamental physics in space, space debris, space weather, Earth observations of space phenomena, etc. NB: Please note that manuscripts related to life sciences as related to space are no more accepted for submission to Advances in Space Research. Such manuscripts should now be submitted to the new COSPAR Journal Life Sciences in Space Research (LSSR). All submissions are reviewed by two scientists in the field. COSPAR is an interdisciplinary scientific organization concerned with the progress of space research on an international scale. Operating under the rules of ICSU, COSPAR ignores political considerations and considers all questions solely from the scientific viewpoint.