In-situ growth of FeSx nanosheets on iron foam as three-dimensional electrode for electrokinetic remediation of copper, lead and zinc co-contaminated soil

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138587

Lu Liu, Qiming Wang, Junhao Zheng, Siying Zhao, Hao Xu, Shengguo Xue, Weichun Yang

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Abstract

The combined contamination of heavy metals, such as copper, lead, and zinc, in soil poses a global environmental challenge, threatening soil quality, ecosystems, and human health. A novel three-dimensional electrokinetic (3D EK) system utilizing FeSx nanosheets loaded on iron foams (FeS@IF) as the third electrode was developed to enhance the electrokinetic remediation of co-contaminated soils. The application of this system achieved significantly higher removal efficiencies for Cu (34.73% vs 15.79%), Pb (36.85% vs 26.14%), and Zn (47.79% vs 29.43%) compared to traditional two-dimensional electrokinetic remediation. Soil pH was maintained within a near-neutral range (6.37–7.34), while the stability of residual heavy metals was enhanced, increasing the proportion of Zn in the residual fraction from 50.3% to ~75.0%. The system electrolytes were reusable, and the recyclable FeS@IF electrode avoided the release of heavy metals back into the soil. The synergistic effects of high electrical conductivity, soluble iron content, and adsorption capacity of the FeS@IF electrode were key to its superior performance. Additionally, microbial community analysis revealed an increase in bacterial abundance. In conclusion, this work demonstrates an efficient and environmental-friendly 3D electrode system for soil remediation, offering a sustainable solution for reducing heavy metal pollution and protecting the environment and human health.

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泡沫铁三维电极原位生长FeSx纳米片对铜、铅、锌共污染土壤的电修复研究

土壤中铜、铅、锌等重金属的综合污染构成了全球性的环境挑战，威胁着土壤质量、生态系统和人类健康。利用泡沫铁（FeS@IF）负载的FeSx纳米片作为第三电极，开发了一种新型的三维电动力学（3D EK）系统，以增强共污染土壤的电动力学修复。与传统的二维电动力学修复相比，该系统对Cu （34.73% vs 15.79%）、Pb （36.85% vs 26.14%）和Zn （47.79% vs 29.43%）的去除率显著提高。土壤pH维持在接近中性的范围内（6.37 ~ 7.34），重金属残留量的稳定性增强，Zn在土壤残渣中的比例由50.3%提高到~75.0%。该系统的电解质是可重复使用的，可回收的FeS@IF电极避免了重金属释放回土壤中。FeS@IF电极的高电导率、可溶性铁含量和吸附能力的协同效应是其优异性能的关键。此外，微生物群落分析显示细菌丰度增加。总之，本工作展示了一种高效环保的土壤修复3D电极系统，为减少重金属污染，保护环境和人类健康提供了可持续的解决方案。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.