Effect of Different Sources and Meteorological Processes on the Variability of VOC Composition in a Metropolitan City of Western India During Summer Season

IF 3.8 2区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
L. K. Sahu, Mansi Gupta, Nidhi Tripathi, Ravi Yadav, Tanzil Gaffar Malik, Mizuo Kajino
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Abstract

High time- and mass-resolution measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using proton-transfer-reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry were conducted in Ahmedabad metropolitan city in India during the summer (April–May) of 2014. The concentrations of aromatic VOCs were lower than in winter (January 2014), whereas acetaldehyde and acetone levels were almost the same during both seasons. Higher isoprene (2.14 ± 0.66 ppb(v)) and monoterpenes (0.34 ± 0.13 ppb) concentrations in summer than in winter indicate enhanced biogenic emissions. Automotive emissions were the major sources of anthropogenic VOCs, with higher emission ratios of oxygenated and aromatic compounds for heavy-duty and light-duty vehicles, respectively. Daytime oxygenated VOC levels in summer were 2–3 times higher than in winter, indicating greater contributions from the secondary sources. The daytime relative contributions of acetone, acetaldehyde, and isoprene in summer increased by ∼35%–45% compared to winter. The OH-reactivity of isoprene was highest among the measured VOCs, with much higher summer contributions than winter. Oxygenated VOCs contribute significantly to the ozone formation potential in both seasons, while biogenic VOCs only in summer. The box model results at different NOx-VOC combinations, using observed and simulated VOC data, show that the reductions of VOC levels can effectively reduce the daytime ozone formation rates at higher NOx concentrations. The study reveals that with the reduction of anthropogenic VOC emissions, biogenic/secondary sources become increasingly important in atmospheric processes in tropical urban regions. Our analysis will be valuable in developing mitigation policies to control primary and secondary pollutants in urban areas in India.

不同来源和气象过程对印度西部某大城市夏季挥发性有机化合物组成变化的影响
2014年夏季(4 - 5月)在印度艾哈迈达巴德市利用质子转移-反应时间飞行质谱法对挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)进行了高时间和高质量分辨率的测量。芳香族挥发性有机化合物的浓度低于冬季(2014年1月),而乙醛和丙酮的浓度在两个季节几乎相同。夏季异戊二烯(2.14±0.66 ppb(v))和单萜烯(0.34±0.13 ppb)浓度高于冬季,表明生物源排放增加。汽车排放是人为VOCs的主要来源,重型和轻型汽车的含氧化合物和芳香族化合物的排放比例分别较高。夏季白天含氧VOC含量是冬季的2-3倍,表明次生源的贡献更大。与冬季相比,夏季丙酮、乙醛和异戊二烯在白天的相对贡献增加了~ 35%-45%。异戊二烯的oh反应性在测量的VOCs中最高,夏季的贡献远高于冬季。含氧VOCs在两个季节都对臭氧形成潜力有显著贡献,而生物源性VOCs仅在夏季有显著贡献。在不同NOx-VOC组合下的箱形模型结果,使用观测和模拟的VOC数据,表明VOC水平的降低可以有效降低较高NOx浓度下的日间臭氧形成率。研究表明,随着人为挥发性有机化合物排放的减少,生物源/次生源在热带城市大气过程中的作用越来越重要。我们的分析将有助于制定缓解政策,控制印度城市地区的初级和次级污染物。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
11.40%
发文量
684
期刊介绍: JGR: Atmospheres publishes articles that advance and improve understanding of atmospheric properties and processes, including the interaction of the atmosphere with other components of the Earth system.
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