How to assess and manage headache in children: the basics

Abstract

Headache in children has a wide differential, from benign, tension-type headaches to secondary headache caused by a brain tumour. We review the categories of primary and secondary headache disorders, and discuss practical approaches to the history, examination, and when to request further investigations such as brain imaging. Approaches to treatment especially of migraine and other primary headache disorders are discussed, as is service configuration. We have signposted useful resources such as NICE guidelines and quality standards, the International Headache Society's International Classification of Headache Disorders, the Migraine Trust charity, and a review of new and emerging therapies. Headache can be a terrible burden for children and worry for parents, but is a fascinating and generally rewarding field to work in.