Association Between Body Mass Index and Comorbid Anxiety in First-Episode and Drug Naïve Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Depression and Anxiety Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI:10.1155/da/6648190

Shilin Liu, Yu Huang, Aixin Liu, Xiaoxuan Li, Yifan Fu, Wei Wang, Yuechun Wen, Tao Jiang, Xiangyang Zhang

{"title":"Association Between Body Mass Index and Comorbid Anxiety in First-Episode and Drug Naïve Patients With Major Depressive Disorder","authors":"Shilin Liu, Yu Huang, Aixin Liu, Xiaoxuan Li, Yifan Fu, Wei Wang, Yuechun Wen, Tao Jiang, Xiangyang Zhang","doi":"10.1155/da/6648190","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n Objective: There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), and the findings are controversial. This study aimed to explore the association between BMI and anxiety symptoms in patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD.\n Methods: A total of 1718 FEDN MDD patients were included in this study, gathering information on their sociodemographic attributes and physical measurements. BMI was classified into three categories (normal, overweight, and obese) based on the standards of the Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC). Logistic regression and double robust estimation were used to assess the association between anxiety symptoms and BMI. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and BMI. If nonlinear associations existed, threshold effects were analyzed using a two-piecewise logistic regression model. The subgroup analysis was performed to validate the robustness of the findings.\n Results: Among 1718 patients, 12.7% (218) exhibited anxiety symptoms. After adjusting for confounding variables, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between BMI and the risk of experiencing anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.039–1.229, p = 0.004). These findings were further confirmed using a doubly robust estimation. Additionally, RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear correlation between BMI and anxiety symptoms, with a turning point of 26.9 kg/m2. On the left side of the inflection point, a positive association between BMI and anxiety symptoms was detected (OR = 1.167, 95% CI: 1.055–1.296, p = 0.003), while no significant association was observed on the right side of the inflection point (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.685–1.341, p = 0.972). Subgroup analyses revealed significant variations in the association between gender and education level.\n Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of experiencing anxiety symptoms in Chinese patients with FEDN MDD, particularly among those with a BMI below 26.9 kg/m2.\n </div>","PeriodicalId":55179,"journal":{"name":"Depression and Anxiety","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/da/6648190","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Depression and Anxiety","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/da/6648190","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: There is limited evidence regarding the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), and the findings are controversial. This study aimed to explore the association between BMI and anxiety symptoms in patients with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD.

Methods: A total of 1718 FEDN MDD patients were included in this study, gathering information on their sociodemographic attributes and physical measurements. BMI was classified into three categories (normal, overweight, and obese) based on the standards of the Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC). Logistic regression and double robust estimation were used to assess the association between anxiety symptoms and BMI. Additionally, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was used to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and BMI. If nonlinear associations existed, threshold effects were analyzed using a two-piecewise logistic regression model. The subgroup analysis was performed to validate the robustness of the findings.

Results: Among 1718 patients, 12.7% (218) exhibited anxiety symptoms. After adjusting for confounding variables, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between BMI and the risk of experiencing anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.039–1.229, p = 0.004). These findings were further confirmed using a doubly robust estimation. Additionally, RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear correlation between BMI and anxiety symptoms, with a turning point of 26.9 kg/m². On the left side of the inflection point, a positive association between BMI and anxiety symptoms was detected (OR = 1.167, 95% CI: 1.055–1.296, p = 0.003), while no significant association was observed on the right side of the inflection point (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.685–1.341, p = 0.972). Subgroup analyses revealed significant variations in the association between gender and education level.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of experiencing anxiety symptoms in Chinese patients with FEDN MDD, particularly among those with a BMI below 26.9 kg/m².

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

体重指数与首发和药物Naïve重性抑郁障碍患者共病焦虑的关系

目的：关于重度抑郁症（MDD）患者体重指数（BMI）与焦虑症状之间关系的证据有限，研究结果存在争议。本研究旨在探讨首发drug-naïve （FEDN）重度抑郁症患者BMI与焦虑症状之间的关系。方法：本研究共纳入1718例FEDN MDD患者，收集其社会人口学属性和体格测量信息。根据中国肥胖工作组（WGOC）的标准，BMI分为正常、超重和肥胖三类。采用Logistic回归和双稳健估计来评估焦虑症状与BMI之间的关系。此外，使用限制性三次样条（RCS）分析来检查焦虑症状与BMI之间的关系。如果存在非线性关联，则使用两分段逻辑回归模型分析阈值效应。进行亚组分析以验证结果的稳健性。结果：1718例患者中，有12.7%（218例）出现焦虑症状。在调整混杂变量后，多变量logistic回归分析显示BMI与出现焦虑症状的风险呈正相关（OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.039-1.229, p = 0.004）。这些发现进一步证实了使用双稳健估计。此外，RCS分析显示BMI与焦虑症状之间存在非线性相关性，拐点为26.9 kg/m2。拐点左侧BMI与焦虑症状呈正相关（OR = 1.167, 95% CI: 1.055 ~ 1.296, p = 0.003），拐点右侧BMI与焦虑症状无显著相关（OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.685 ~ 1.341, p = 0.972）。亚组分析显示，性别和教育水平之间存在显著差异。结论：本研究表明，较高的BMI与中国FEDN MDD患者出现焦虑症状的风险增加有关，特别是那些BMI低于26.9 kg/m2的患者。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Depression and Anxiety 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

15.00

自引率

1.40%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Depression and Anxiety is a scientific journal that focuses on the study of mood and anxiety disorders, as well as related phenomena in humans. The journal is dedicated to publishing high-quality research and review articles that contribute to the understanding and treatment of these conditions. The journal places a particular emphasis on articles that contribute to the clinical evaluation and care of individuals affected by mood and anxiety disorders. It prioritizes the publication of treatment-related research and review papers, as well as those that present novel findings that can directly impact clinical practice. The journal's goal is to advance the field by disseminating knowledge that can lead to better diagnosis, treatment, and management of these disorders, ultimately improving the quality of life for those who suffer from them.