Structural characterization and immune activity evaluation of polysaccharide purified from Viola phillipica

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125689

Jinhang Guo , Tiantian Wei , Jiafa Chen , Ancan Hong , Qiuyue He , Yi Lin , Zhe Ren , Tao Qin

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Abstract

This study investigated the structure of Viola phillipica polysaccharide (VPP) and its effect as an immune adjuvant for the Newcastle disease vaccine (ND Vaccine). The results showed that VPP comprised of the galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose with the molar ratio of 36.20: 23.41: 19.72: 11.54 and a molecular weight (Mw) of 1080 kDa. Additionally, the composition of VPP was assessed via FT-IR, methylation, AFM and SEM analyses, indicating that the backbone of the VPP was consisted of T-Ara (f), T-Gal (p), 4-Gal (p)-UA, and T-Rha (p) linkages. Furthermore, VPP was used as an immune adjuvant in combination with ND vaccine in chickens. Remarkable enhancements were observed in the thymus, spleen, and bursa indices of the chickens, the serum levels of ND antibodies and the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines, thereby fostering the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes within the spleen. Notably, histopathological analysis indicated that the VPP groups showed increased lymphoid follicles and splenic nodules, as well as greater splenic red pulp density and bursa of Fabricius area. In summary, these findings suggest that VPP could serve as an adjuvant to enhance the immunogenicity of NDV.

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堇菜多糖的结构表征及免疫活性评价

本文研究了紫堇多糖（Viola phillipica多糖，VPP）的结构及其作为新城疫疫苗（ND vaccine）免疫佐剂的作用。结果表明，VPP由半乳糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖和阿拉伯糖组成，摩尔比为36.20:23.41:19.72:11.54，分子量为1080 kDa。此外，通过FT-IR、甲基化、AFM和SEM分析对VPP的组成进行了评估，表明VPP的主干由T-Ara (f)、T-Gal (p)、4-Gal (p)-UA和T-Rha (p)键组成。此外，VPP作为免疫佐剂与新城疫疫苗联合应用于鸡体内。鸡胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数显著提高，血清ND抗体水平和IL-4、IFN-γ细胞因子表达显著提高，促进了脾脏内T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞的增殖。值得注意的是，组织病理学分析显示，VPP组淋巴滤泡和脾结节增加，脾红髓密度和法氏囊面积增加。综上所述，这些结果表明VPP可以作为佐剂增强NDV的免疫原性。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Pharmaceutics 医学-药学

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

8.60%

发文量

951

审稿时长

72 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Pharmaceutics is the third most cited journal in the "Pharmacy & Pharmacology" category out of 366 journals, being the true home for pharmaceutical scientists concerned with the physical, chemical and biological properties of devices and delivery systems for drugs, vaccines and biologicals, including their design, manufacture and evaluation. This includes evaluation of the properties of drugs, excipients such as surfactants and polymers and novel materials. The journal has special sections on pharmaceutical nanotechnology and personalized medicines, and publishes research papers, reviews, commentaries and letters to the editor as well as special issues.