Enhancing thermal transport for magnetized radiating flow of ternary nanomaterial: Thermodynamics second law analysis

Abstract

Nanomaterial flows have gained considerable attention of numerous engineers and scientists now a days. It is due to significant utilization in tremendous real-life applications like nuclear reactor cooling, microelectronics, crack-resistance paint, engine cooling, heat exchangers, thermal power plants, enhance-oil recovery, transparent sunscreen, thermal transport, architecture etc. In view of such important applications, entropy optimized magnetohydrodynamic radiative flow of nanomaterial is organized. Porous space is discussed by Darcy-Forchheimer relation. Ternary hybrid nanomaterial is the hybridization of three types of nanoparticles (TiO₂, SiO₂ and MoS₄) in base liquid (blood). Flow model is developed to discuss the thermal transport characteristics of ternary hybrid (TiO₂ +SiO₂ +MoS₄/blood), hybrid (TiO₂+SiO₂/blood) and (TiO₂/blood) nanomaterial. Thermal relation comprises Ohmic heating, dissipation, radiation and heat generation. Significance feature of entropy rate is addressed. Related equations of proposed model are reduced into non-dimensional expressions. Dimensionless expressions are numerically solved by utilizing ND-solve method. Comparative study for velocity, coefficient of skin friction, temperature, Nusselt number and entropy rate for three considered nanomaterials is presented. It is noted that velocity intensifies with higher curvature variable while it decays for larger magnetic field. An increasing trend of drag force is noted for higher magnetic field and curvature variable. Higher radiation variable results in temperature enhancement. Entropy rate enhances against magnetic field. An enhancement in Nusselt number is detected for higher magnetic parameter. Augmentation in heat transport rate occurs for radiation. It is observed that frictional force is higher for ternary hybrid nanofluid (TiO₂ +SiO₂ +MoS₄ blood) when compared with hybrid nanofluid (TiO₂ +SiO₂ blood) and nanofluid (TiO₂ blood). Here one can find that temperature and energy transport rate for ternary hybrid nanofluid (TiO₂ +SiO₂ +MoS₄/blood) is more dominant than hybrid nanofluid (TiO₂ +SiO₂/blood) and nanofluid (TiO₂/blood).