Enhancing soil labile organic matter through oilseed rape-rice rotation and straw returning in paddy-upland systems

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1007/s11104-025-07517-0

Shuntao Zhang, Tao Ren, Yating Fang, Jian Zhao, Jun Zhu, Wen-feng Cong, Hans Lambers, Jianwei Lu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aims

Soil labile organic matter (LOM) plays a vital role in enhancing soil productivity and fertility. However, the annual variability of LOM content and structure under diverse crop rotation and fertilization practices remains insufficiently investigated.

Methods

This 5-year field study investigates the impact of different fertilization treatments—no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (CF), recommended fertilization (RF), and recommended fertilization with straw returning (RF + S)—on the content and structure of LOM under oilseed rape-rice (OR) and wheat-rice (WR) cropping systems.

Results

Our results showed that the effect of rotation type on soil LOM was most pronounced during the upland season, while fertilization effects were significant across the entire annual paddy-upland rotation system. During the upland season, the OR rotation, excluding the CF treatment, resulted in significantly higher increases in soil easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and particulate nitrogen (PN) compared to the WR rotation with same fertilization treatments. The RF and RF + S treatments significantly enhanced soil LOM contents in both rotations. Excitation Emission Matrix (EEM) and UV–Visible absorption analyses indicated that the OR rotation had a higher degree of humification, a more aromatic structure, and greater levels of colored dissolved organic matter (DOM) than the WR rotation.

Conclusions

In summary, the OR rotation, especially with straw returning, is an effective strategy for enhancing both the content and structural stability of LOM. This approach promotes improved soil quality and offers a sustainable solution for long-term fertility management in paddy-upland rotations.

Highlights

Rotation and fertilization practices jointly affect soil LOM content and structure.
Oilseed rape in paddy-upland rotation improves LOM content and composition.
The LOM difference between OR and WR rotations mainly appears in the upland season.

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水旱区油菜-水稻轮作和秸秆还田提高土壤活性有机质

背景与目的土壤活性有机质（LOM）在提高土壤生产力和肥力方面起着重要作用。然而，对不同轮作和施肥方式下土壤有机质含量和结构的年际变化研究尚不充分。方法研究了不施肥（CK）、常规施肥（CF）、推荐施肥（RF）和秸秆还田推荐施肥（RF + S）对油菜-水稻（OR）和小麦-水稻（WR）种植制度下土壤有机质含量和结构的影响。结果轮作类型对土壤LOM的影响在旱作季节最为显著，而施肥效应在整个旱作轮作系统中均显著。旱地季节，除CF处理外，旱地轮作土壤易氧化有机碳（EOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）和颗粒氮（PN）显著高于同等施肥条件下的WR轮作。RF和RF + S处理显著提高了土壤LOM含量。激发发射矩阵（EEM）和紫外-可见吸收分析表明，与WR旋转相比，OR旋转具有更高的腐殖化程度、更芳香的结构和更高的彩色溶解有机质（DOM）水平。结论OR轮作，特别是秸秆还田，是提高LOM含量和结构稳定性的有效策略。这种方法促进了土壤质量的改善，并为水田轮作的长期肥力管理提供了可持续的解决方案。轮作和施肥措施共同影响土壤有机质含量和结构。旱稻轮作提高了油菜土壤有机质含量和组成。旱季轮作与旱季轮作的LOM差异主要出现在旱季。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

8.20%

发文量

543

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.