The Clinical Safety and Efficacy of Cytarabine and Daunorubicin Liposome (CPX-351) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Systematic Review

IF 1.5 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Cancer reports Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1002/cnr2.70199

Abdulwahab M. Alzahrani, Mohammed A. Alnuhait, Tariq Alqahtani

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Abstract

Background

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer with a poor prognosis when treated using conventional chemotherapy. CPX-351, a liposomal formulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin, has demonstrated potential as a novel therapeutic strategy.

Aim

This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of CPX-351 compared to standard induction chemotherapy in patients with AML.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library from 2011 to 2023. Overall, 14 clinical trials with more than 800 AML patients were included. Data on adverse events, survival outcomes, and response rates were extracted and analyzed.

Results

CPX-351 exhibited an adverse event profile that was comparable to that of conventional chemotherapy. It resulted in complete remission rates of 18%–41% in relapsed/refractory AML patients. For newly diagnosed individuals, CPX-351 led to complete remission rates of 41%–58%, surpassing the 14%–40% associated with standard chemotherapy. Additionally, it extended overall survival by 3.6–5.7 months, with significant advantages noted in high-risk cytogenetics and secondary AML cases.

Conclusion

This review presents strong evidence supporting CPX-351 as a therapeutic alternative with superior efficacy and comparable safety to standard chemotherapy across diverse AML populations. This represents a breakthrough in therapy, with demonstrated efficacy in AML cases.

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阿糖胞苷和柔红霉素脂质体（CPX-351）治疗急性髓系白血病的临床安全性和有效性：一项系统综述

背景：急性髓性白血病（AML）是一种侵袭性血癌，常规化疗预后较差。CPX-351是阿糖胞苷和柔红霉素的脂质体制剂，已被证明有潜力作为一种新的治疗策略。目的本系统综述旨在评价CPX-351与标准诱导化疗在AML患者中的临床安全性和有效性。方法系统检索2011 - 2023年Web of Science、PubMed、谷歌Scholar、Ovid MEDLINE和Cochrane Library的文献。总体而言，纳入了14项临床试验，涉及800多名AML患者。提取并分析了不良事件、生存结局和有效率的数据。结果CPX-351表现出与常规化疗相当的不良事件概况。它导致复发/难治性AML患者的完全缓解率为18%-41%。对于新诊断的个体，CPX-351导致完全缓解率为41%-58%，超过标准化疗相关的14%-40%。此外，它将总生存期延长3.6-5.7个月，在高危细胞遗传学和继发性AML病例中具有显著优势。结论：本综述提供了强有力的证据支持CPX-351作为治疗方案，在不同AML人群中具有优于标准化疗的疗效和相当的安全性。这代表了治疗上的一个突破，在AML病例中已被证明有效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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