In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1002/cre2.70082

Wenji Cai, Azam Fayezi Sisi, Mohamed-Nur Abdallah, Ashwaq A. Al-Hashedi, Juan Daniel Gamonal Sánchez, Enrique Bravo, Hasna H. Kunhipurayil, Rubens Albuquerque, Zahi Badran, Mariano Sanz, Faleh Tamimi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Peri-implantitis is mostly caused by a pathological biofilm that forms through complex processes, initiated by the formation of the salivary pellicle on implant surfaces. Understanding the nature of these pellicles and biofilm and how to remove them is important for preventing peri-implant infections and improving the success of dental implants. This study explores the characteristics of the salivary pellicle on titanium surfaces and assesses the effectiveness of different decontamination agents in eliminating the salivary pellicle and related microbial contaminations.

Materials and Methods

Titanium surfaces were contaminated with salivary pellicles and pathological biofilms. The nature of the salivary pellicle was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface proteomics, contact angle measurements, and fluorescence microscopy. We tested six commonly used decontamination chemicals (chlorhexidine, essential oil-based mouthwash, citric acid, phosphoric acid, saline, and phosphate buffer saline) as well as newly proposed treatments such as surfactants and solvents (acetone, acetic acid, and Tween 20) for their capability to eliminate salivary pellicles and pathogenic biofilms from titanium surfaces.

Results

The hydrophobic nature of the salivary pellicle on titanium surfaces limits the efficacy of commonly used hydrophilic solutions in removing pellicles and bacteria. Organic solvents and surfactants, particularly acetic acid and Tween 20, demonstrated superior effectiveness in removing the pellicle and biofilm. Acetic acid was notably effective in restoring surface composition, reducing microbial levels, and removing multispecies biofilms.

Conclusions

The use of surfactants and solvents could be a promising alternative for the treatment of biofilms on titanium surfaces. However, further studies are needed to explore their clinical applicability.

Abstract Image

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体外评价唾液膜破坏和钛生物膜去除：探讨表面疏水性在化学消毒中的作用

目的：种植体周围炎主要是由种植体表面唾液膜形成引发的复杂过程形成的病理生物膜引起的。了解这些膜和生物膜的性质以及如何去除它们对于预防种植体周围感染和提高种植体的成功率非常重要。本研究探讨了钛表面唾液膜的特性，并评估了不同去污剂去除唾液膜及相关微生物污染的有效性。材料与方法用唾液膜和病理生物膜污染钛表面。利用x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、表面蛋白质组学、接触角测量和荧光显微镜对唾液膜的性质进行了表征。我们测试了六种常用的去污化学品（氯己定、精油基漱口水、柠檬酸、磷酸、生理盐水和磷酸盐缓冲盐水）以及新提出的处理方法，如表面活性剂和溶剂（丙酮、醋酸和Tween 20），以检测它们清除钛表面唾液膜和致病生物膜的能力。结果钛表面唾液膜的疏水性限制了常用的亲水溶液去除膜和细菌的效果。有机溶剂和表面活性剂，特别是醋酸和吐温20，在去除膜和生物膜方面表现出优异的效果。乙酸在恢复表面组成、降低微生物水平和去除多物种生物膜方面效果显著。结论使用表面活性剂和溶剂处理钛表面生物膜是一种很有前途的方法。但其临床适用性有待进一步研究。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

165

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.