Actualización en el abordaje de las neumonías desde atención primaria

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an acute inflammation of the lung parenchyma of infectious origin, with higher incidence in males, extremes of age and people with comorbidities. Clinically classified as typical and atypical, it presents different radiological patterns, where lung ultrasound is more sensitive than radiography for its diagnosis, being important the microbiological study for a directed treatment. Thus, empirical treatment of CAP should be started early, considering risk factors and adjusting according to age and weight in children, whose prevention includes pneumococcal and influenza vaccination. There are various scales for deciding hospital or ICU admission. This review provides an update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CAP, highlighting the most relevant aspects for its management.