Mass transfer-enhanced continuous flow electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorinated organics using a Pd/N-Gr/NF electrode

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of water process engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107895

Patrick Rugira, Shuang Pan, Mehvish Manzoor, Weiqi Huang, Xin Zhao, Can Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Developing a novel electrocatalytic reactor system for the effective elimination of chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs) from water holds significant potential for environmental remediation. The integration of a continuous flow reactor (CFR) system with a Pd-based electrode (Pd/N-Gr/NF) is noteworthy, as it enhances the efficiency of electrochemical hydrodechlorination (EHDC) due to its exceptional ability to generate atomic hydrogen (H*). This study demonstrates the application of CFR in the EHDC system for the efficient removal of COPs. The continuous flow removal of various chlorophenols was investigated. Due to the CFR system's efficient mass transfer, 2-CP, 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, and 2,4,6-TCP achieved 100 % dechlorination efficiency in 60 min. The factors influencing EHDC, including pollutant initial concentration, pH, current density and catholyte volume, were evaluated. Phenol was identified as the predominant resultant of 2,4,6-TCP dechlorination. The analysis of hydrodechlorination paths and toxicity evaluation was conducted based on intermediate byproducts identified through LC-MS. The CFR system demonstrated effective performance in addressing wastewater containing hardness ions, humic acid (HA) and various chlorinated compounds. Additionally, the influence of temperature on the hydrodechlorination of 2,4,6-TCP and the system's stability was examined. The CFR demonstrated stability across 10 consecutive reuse cycles, suggesting its potential application in practical contexts.

Environmental implication

EHDC using Pd-based electrodes is a promising method for removing COPs from industrial wastewater. However, challenges such as Pd scarcity, high costs, complex electrode synthesis, and limited durability hinder its widespread application. This study introduces a CFR with a Pd/N-Gr/NF cathode that dechlorinates efficiently with modest Pd loading. The CFR system's excellent mass and electron transfer properties enable superior pollutant removal with reduced Pd usage, lower current consumption, and enhanced current efficiency. Additionally, the system demonstrates stability, cost-effective electrode fabrication, and the ability to treat complex water matrices, making it highly suitable for large-scale EHDC applications.

Abstract Image

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Pd/N-Gr/NF电极传质强化连续流电催化氯化有机物加氢脱氯

开发一种新型电催化反应器系统，有效消除水中的氯化有机污染物（cop），具有重大的环境修复潜力。连续流反应器（CFR）系统与Pd基电极（Pd/N-Gr/NF）的集成值得注意，因为它具有非凡的生成原子氢（H*）的能力，从而提高了电化学加氢脱氯（EHDC）的效率。本研究演示了CFR在EHDC系统中高效去除cop的应用。研究了各种氯酚的连续流动脱除。由于CFR系统的高效传质，2- cp、4- cp、2,4- dcp和2,4,6- tcp在60 min内达到100%的脱氯效率。对污染物初始浓度、pH、电流密度和阴极电解质体积等影响EHDC的因素进行了评价。苯酚是2,4,6- tcp脱氯反应的主要产物。以LC-MS鉴定的中间副产物为基础，进行了加氢脱氯途径分析和毒性评价。CFR系统对含硬度离子、腐植酸（HA）和多种氯代化合物的废水处理效果良好。此外，还考察了温度对2,4,6- tcp加氢脱氯反应及体系稳定性的影响。CFR在10个连续的重用周期中表现出稳定性，表明其在实际环境中的潜在应用。使用钯基电极的ehdc是一种很有前途的从工业废水中去除cop的方法。然而，钯缺乏、成本高、电极合成复杂、耐用性有限等挑战阻碍了其广泛应用。本研究介绍了一种具有Pd/N-Gr/NF阴极的CFR，该阴极可以在适度的Pd负载下有效地脱氯。CFR系统具有优异的质量和电子传递特性，能够在减少钯用量、降低电流消耗和提高电流效率的情况下去除污染物。此外，该系统具有稳定性，电极制造成本效益高，处理复杂水矩阵的能力，非常适合大规模EHDC应用。

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来源期刊

Journal of water process engineering Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

8.60%

发文量

846

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Water Process Engineering aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing . Papers on advanced and novel treatment processes and technologies are particularly welcome. The Journal considers papers in areas such as nanotechnology and biotechnology applications in water, novel oxidation and separation processes, membrane processes (except those for desalination) , catalytic processes for the removal of water contaminants, sustainable processes, water reuse and recycling, water use and wastewater minimization, integrated/hybrid technology, process modeling of water treatment and novel treatment processes. Submissions on the subject of adsorbents, including standard measurements of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium will only be considered if there is a genuine case for novelty and contribution, for example highly novel, sustainable adsorbents and their use: papers on activated carbon-type materials derived from natural matter, or surfactant-modified clays and related minerals, would not fulfil this criterion. The Journal particularly welcomes contributions involving environmentally, economically and socially sustainable technology for water treatment, including those which are energy-efficient, with minimal or no chemical consumption, and capable of water recycling and reuse that minimizes the direct disposal of wastewater to the aquatic environment. Papers that describe novel ideas for solving issues related to water quality and availability are also welcome, as are those that show the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. The Journal will consider papers dealing with processes for various water matrices including drinking water (except desalination), domestic, urban and industrial wastewaters, in addition to their residues. It is expected that the journal will be of particular relevance to chemical and process engineers working in the field. The Journal welcomes Full Text papers, Short Communications, State-of-the-Art Reviews and Letters to Editors and Case Studies