Age- and Gender-Specific Dynamics of Hyperuricemia: A Longitudinal Community Study on Metabolic Trajectories and Comorbidity Stratification

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q2 RHEUMATOLOGY

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1111/1756-185X.70254

Xianghui Wen, Yanli Zhang, Jieruo Gu, Yina Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

This longitudinal study investigated age- and gender-specific disparities in hyperuricemia and their metabolic associations in a community-based cohort, addressing gaps in long-term uric acid trajectory data.

Methods

A prospective cohort of 465 adults (123 males, 342 females) was stratified by serum uric acid (SUA > 420 μmol/L) and followed annually for 3 years. Standardized assessments included anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical evaluations.

Results

Males had a 3.8-fold higher hyperuricemia prevalence than females (39.84% vs. 10.53%, p < 0.001), with age-specific peaks in males (20–29 and > 60 years) and females (> 60 years). Hyperuricemic individuals exhibited elevated BMI (24.75 ± 3.38 vs. 22.43 ± 3.01 kg/m², p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (SBP: 124.62 ± 16.42 vs. 118.25 ± 14.99 mmHg, p = 0.001), fasting glucose (FBG: 5.48 ± 0.79 vs. 5.25 ± 0.80 mmol/L, p = 0.013), and renal dysfunction markers (serum creatinine: 74.10 ± 16.57 vs. 59.24 ± 14.68 μmol/L, p < 0.001). Age-stratified comorbidity patterns showed dyslipidemia predominance in younger groups (58.82%) versus cardiorenal complications hypertension (31.03%), elevated FBG (41.38%) and renal impairment (75.86%) in older adults. Multivariate analysis identified age, sex, BMI, and lipid profiles as SUA determinants (β = −0.248 to 0.472, p < 0.05), with eGFR inversely associated (β = −0.273, p < 0.05). Longitudinal data revealed alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as a novel predictor (β = 0.125, p = 0.038), while baseline hyperuricemia did not predict long-term SUA.

Conclusion

Hyperuricemia demonstrates significant age- and gender-related disparities, with persistent metabolic abnormalities contributing to cardiorenal and hepatic risks. Younger populations face dyslipidemia and liver dysfunction, whereas older adults exhibit hypertension and renal impairment. Regular monitoring and age-specific interventions are critical for mitigating metabolic syndrome progression.

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高尿酸血症的年龄和性别特异性动态：代谢轨迹和共病分层的纵向社区研究

本纵向研究调查了基于社区的队列中高尿酸血症的年龄和性别差异及其代谢关联，解决了长期尿酸轨迹数据的空白。方法选取465名成人（男性123人，女性342人），按血清尿酸（SUA > 420 μmol/L）分层，每年随访3年。标准化评估包括人体测量学、生化和临床评估。结果男性高尿酸血症患病率是女性的3.8倍（39.84%比10.53%,p < 0.001），且以男性（20-29岁，60岁）和女性（60岁）为高峰。高尿酸血症个体表现出BMI（24.75±3.38 vs. 22.43±3.01 kg/m2, p < 0.001）、收缩压（收缩压：124.62±16.42 vs. 118.25±14.99 mmHg, p = 0.001）、空腹血糖（FBG: 5.48±0.79 vs. 5.25±0.80 mmol/L, p = 0.013）和肾功能障碍指标（血清肌酐：74.10±16.57 vs. 59.24±14.68 μmol/L, p < 0.001）升高。按年龄分层的合并症模式显示，低龄组以血脂异常为主（58.82%），而老年人以心肾并发症高血压（31.03%）、空腹血糖升高（41.38%）和肾损害（75.86%）为主。多变量分析表明，年龄、性别、BMI和血脂是SUA的决定因素（β = - 0.248至0.472,p < 0.05）， eGFR呈负相关（β = - 0.273, p < 0.05）。纵向数据显示谷丙转氨酶（ALT）是一个新的预测因子（β = 0.125, p = 0.038），而基线高尿酸血症并不能预测长期SUA。结论高尿酸血症表现出明显的年龄和性别差异，持续的代谢异常会导致心肾和肝脏风险。年轻人面临着血脂异常和肝功能障碍，而老年人则表现出高血压和肾功能损害。定期监测和年龄特异性干预对于缓解代谢综合征进展至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases RHEUMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

362

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases (formerly APLAR Journal of Rheumatology) is the official journal of the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology. The Journal accepts original articles on clinical or experimental research pertinent to the rheumatic diseases, work on connective tissue diseases and other immune and allergic disorders. The acceptance criteria for all papers are the quality and originality of the research and its significance to our readership. Except where otherwise stated, manuscripts are peer reviewed by two anonymous reviewers and the Editor.