Life cycle assessment of formic acid synthesis utilizing CO2 from direct air capture†

Nicholas Badger, Dylan Mattice, Matthew Atwood and Shahriar Amini
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Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of formic acid (FA) synthesis from direct air captured (DAC) carbon dioxide (CO2) utilizing chemical plant waste heat. The research focuses on a project to implement a low-temperature solid sorbent DAC system co-located with a FA production facility at a fertilizer plant, utilizing industrial waste heat from nitric acid production. This study employs projected operational data from two companies which own the DAC and FA conversion technologies to examine the environmental impacts and benefits of this DAC-to-FA conversion process. By leveraging waste heat and renewable energy, the proposed project demonstrates the environmental advantages of advanced carbon utilization technologies, providing valuable insights for future policy and industrial applications in sustainable chemical manufacturing. Key results indicate that the capture and conversion process, when powered by renewable energy, achieves a net negative global warming potential of −0.806 kg CO2 eq. per kg FA produced, contrasted against traditional FA production methods which are calculated to emit at best +2.03 kg CO2 eq. The use of waste heat significantly reduces the energy consumption of the process. Compared to traditional FA production methods, the processes also show substantial reductions in ozone depletion, fossil fuel depletion, and other environmental impacts. The novelty of this study lies in its analysis of DAC technology using projected and actual operational data from a DAC development company, which is unique in academic studies. This enhances the accuracy of the LCA and provides a robust foundation for understanding the environmental impacts and benefits of the proposed system. This study also aims to be the first LCA to analyze the life cycle impacts of DAC-to-FA conversion technology.

利用直接空气捕集CO2合成甲酸的生命周期评价
本研究介绍了利用化工厂废热从直接空气捕获(DAC)二氧化碳(CO2)合成甲酸(FA)的全面生命周期评估(LCA)。该研究的重点是实施一个低温固体吸附剂DAC系统,该系统与化肥厂的FA生产设施位于同一位置,利用硝酸生产的工业废热。本研究采用两家拥有DAC和FA转换技术的公司的预计运营数据来检查这种DAC到FA转换过程的环境影响和效益。通过利用废热和可再生能源,该拟议项目展示了先进碳利用技术的环境优势,为可持续化工制造的未来政策和工业应用提供了有价值的见解。关键结果表明,当由可再生能源提供动力时,捕集和转化过程每生产一公斤FA,与传统FA生产方法相比,达到负的全球变暖潜能值为- 0.806千克二氧化碳当量,而传统FA生产方法的计算排放量最多为+2.03千克二氧化碳当量。余热的使用显着降低了该过程的能耗。与传统的FA生产方法相比,该工艺还显示出臭氧消耗、化石燃料消耗和其他环境影响的大幅减少。本研究的新颖之处在于它使用DAC开发公司的预测和实际操作数据来分析DAC技术,这在学术研究中是独一无二的。这提高了LCA的准确性,并为理解拟议系统的环境影响和效益提供了坚实的基础。本研究也旨在成为第一个分析dac - fa转换技术生命周期影响的LCA。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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