Fate and health implications of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a sustainable food waste recycling system using housefly maggots and Nile tilapia

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742675

Chao Zheng , Zhang Cheng , Zhi-Lin Chen , Yu Bon Man , Qiao Liu , Liu-Lan Zhao , Song Yang , Ming Hung Wong

{"title":"Fate and health implications of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a sustainable food waste recycling system using housefly maggots and Nile tilapia","authors":"Chao Zheng , Zhang Cheng , Zhi-Lin Chen , Yu Bon Man , Qiao Liu , Liu-Lan Zhao , Song Yang , Ming Hung Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742675","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the transformation, bioaccumulation, and human and ecological health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a food waste culture system that included housefly maggots (<em>Musca domestica</em>) and Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>). Feeding trials were carried out in 25 groups of maggots under different breeding densities (2.50, 5.00, 7.50, 10.0, and 12.5 g/kg), using a well-mixed culture medium with measured proportions of rice waste (RW) and meat and vegetable waste after pretreatment (A-MVW) (rinsing and draining). The ratio of RW to A-MVW was 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 %. The results showed that the ∑PAHs contents in housefly maggots fed with food waste ranged 22.5–232 μg/kg ww, with the percentage of high molecular weight PAHs being 86.2 ± 12.4 %, with carcinogenic PAHs accounting for 24.3–93.5 %. Based on the PAHs content and growth indexes of the maggots, the optimal conditions were a breeding density of 10.0–12.5 g/kg and food waste substrate of 75 %–100 % A-MVW. The lowest PAHs content was 22.5–28.4 μg/kg, the highest yield 136–172 g/kg, the highest content of crude protein 49.2 %–56.6 %, and the highest content of crude lipid 19.8 %–20.7 %. Concentrations of ∑PAHs (20.3 ± 5.30 μg/kg ww) in residues from waste converted by housefly maggots were not significantly different among different treatment groups (<em>p</em> > 0.05). It was determined that there is no potential ecological risk from PAHs if the residues are utilized as organic fertilizers in agricultural production. There was no significant difference between the concentration of PAHs (12.3 ± 1.78 μg/kg ww) in the tilapia fed with the three maggot feeds and the control diet (<em>p</em> > 0.05). The human health risk assessment showed that the PAHs of tilapia fed housefly maggots did not pose a health risk to consumers. Therefore, housefly maggots cultured from food waste can be used as high-quality and safe protein feed sources for tilapia cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 742675"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aquaculture","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848625005617","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the transformation, bioaccumulation, and human and ecological health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a food waste culture system that included housefly maggots (Musca domestica) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Feeding trials were carried out in 25 groups of maggots under different breeding densities (2.50, 5.00, 7.50, 10.0, and 12.5 g/kg), using a well-mixed culture medium with measured proportions of rice waste (RW) and meat and vegetable waste after pretreatment (A-MVW) (rinsing and draining). The ratio of RW to A-MVW was 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 %. The results showed that the ∑PAHs contents in housefly maggots fed with food waste ranged 22.5–232 μg/kg ww, with the percentage of high molecular weight PAHs being 86.2 ± 12.4 %, with carcinogenic PAHs accounting for 24.3–93.5 %. Based on the PAHs content and growth indexes of the maggots, the optimal conditions were a breeding density of 10.0–12.5 g/kg and food waste substrate of 75 %–100 % A-MVW. The lowest PAHs content was 22.5–28.4 μg/kg, the highest yield 136–172 g/kg, the highest content of crude protein 49.2 %–56.6 %, and the highest content of crude lipid 19.8 %–20.7 %. Concentrations of ∑PAHs (20.3 ± 5.30 μg/kg ww) in residues from waste converted by housefly maggots were not significantly different among different treatment groups (p > 0.05). It was determined that there is no potential ecological risk from PAHs if the residues are utilized as organic fertilizers in agricultural production. There was no significant difference between the concentration of PAHs (12.3 ± 1.78 μg/kg ww) in the tilapia fed with the three maggot feeds and the control diet (p > 0.05). The human health risk assessment showed that the PAHs of tilapia fed housefly maggots did not pose a health risk to consumers. Therefore, housefly maggots cultured from food waste can be used as high-quality and safe protein feed sources for tilapia cultivation.

查看原文本刊更多论文

多环芳烃在利用家蝇蛆和尼罗罗非鱼的可持续食物垃圾回收系统中的命运和健康影响

本研究旨在探讨多环芳烃（PAHs）在家蝇蛆（Musca domestica）和尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）食物垃圾培养系统中的转化、生物积累、人体健康和生态健康风险。选取25组不同饲养密度（2.50、5.00、7.50、10.0和12.5 g/kg）的蛆进行饲养试验，使用经预处理（冲洗和排水）后的稻米废物（RW）和肉类和蔬菜废物（a - mvw）混合均匀的培养基。RW与A-MVW的比值分别为100:0、75:25、50:50、25:75和0:100%。结果表明：取食餐厨垃圾的家蝇蛆中∑PAHs含量为22.5 ~ 232 μg/kg ww，其中高分子量PAHs占86.2±12.4%，致癌性PAHs占24.3 ~ 93.5%；根据多环芳烃（PAHs）含量和蛆的生长指标，最佳孳生密度为10.0 ~ 12.5 g/kg，餐厨垃圾底物为75% ~ 100% a - mvw。多环芳烃含量最低为22.5 ~ 28.4 μg/kg，产量最高为136 ~ 172 g/kg，粗蛋白质含量最高为49.2% ~ 56.6%，粗脂肪含量最高为19.8% ~ 20.7%。家蝇蝇转化废弃物中∑PAHs（20.3±5.30 μg/kg ww）浓度在不同处理组间差异不显著(p >；0.05)。结果表明，在农业生产中，多环芳烃残留物作为有机肥使用不会产生潜在的生态风险。3种蛆虫饲料的罗非鱼体内多环芳烃浓度（12.3±1.78 μg/kg ww）与对照饲料(p >；0.05)。人类健康风险评估表明，以家蝇蛆为食的罗非鱼体内的多环芳烃不会对消费者构成健康风险。因此，餐厨垃圾培养蝇蛆可作为罗非鱼养殖的优质、安全的蛋白质饲料来源。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Aquaculture 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

17.80%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture is an international journal for the exploration, improvement and management of all freshwater and marine food resources. It publishes novel and innovative research of world-wide interest on farming of aquatic organisms, which includes finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants for human consumption. Research on ornamentals is not a focus of the Journal. Aquaculture only publishes papers with a clear relevance to improving aquaculture practices or a potential application.