Association of accelerated biological aging with kidney stone: Insights from the U.S. National health and nutrition examination survey

Abstract

Objective

Biological age is a more accurate measure of aging than chronological age. This study examines the association between biological age and the prevalence of kidney stones.

Methods

Data were sourced from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018 cycles. Biological age was assessed using the Klemera-Doubal Method (KDM-Age) and Phenotypic Age (Pheno-Age). Residuals from the regression of biological age measures on chronological age were computed to determine KDM-Age and Pheno-Age acceleration. Weighted chi-square tests, linear trend analyses, and multivariable logistic regression models were used.

Results

A total of 17,905 people were included. The weighted prevalence of kidney stones significantly rose with increasing quartiles of chronological age, KDM-Age, and Pheno-Age in the overall population, and across sex and age subgroups. Significant increasing trends in prevalence were observed across Pheno-Age acceleration quartiles for sex and age subgroups, especially in males and younger individuals (< 65 years) (P for linear trend <0.001). No significant trends were observed for KDM-Age acceleration quartiles in any subgroup. Higher Pheno-Age acceleration was significantly associated with an elevated risk of kidney stones (OR = 1.32, 95 % CI: 1.12–1.55), with notably stronger associations observed in males and younger individuals.

Conclusions

Elevated Pheno-Age levels are associated with an increased prevalence of kidney stones, particularly among males and younger individuals. These findings underscore the potential utility of Pheno-Age in identifying individuals at high risk for kidney stones and facilitating early intervention.