Nursing Care Organisational Model for Patients With Bladder Diseases: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This review investigates which nursing organisational models are effective in improving quality of life, therapeutic education, and the use of healthcare services (costs and hospital readmissions) in patients with urinary incontinence and bladder outlet disorders. Numerous conceptual models have been developed to understand how the characteristics of an organisational model affect quality of life, therapeutic education, and healthcare service use in patients with bladder disorders. Such models were often developed by other healthcare professionals (e.g., urologists, primary physicians) in hospital and community settings and may not involve nurses. This systematic review was conducted using resources from PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library up until February 2024, following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A narrative synthesis was performed. Seven organisational models were identified. Four of these models were specifically conceptualised for the nursing field: the Transitional Care Model, the Continuous Care Model, Nurse-led Continence Care, and the Self-Referral Model. The main outcomes associated with the implementation of these models include improvements in bladder management, life-space mobility, quality of life, and reductions in healthcare costs and hospital readmissions due to complications. This review demonstrates that nursing organisational care models for patients with urinary incontinence and bladder outlet disorders can improve their quality of life, daily activities after hospital discharge, and reduce healthcare costs.