{"title":"Disparity in spatiotemporal variability and risk of compound coastal extremes between India’s East-West coasts","authors":"Diljit Dutta, V. V. Srinivas, Govindasamy Bala","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01045-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Indian East Coast is susceptible to concurrent storm surge-rainfall (SS-RF) extremes during June–November, driven by low-pressure systems of varying intensity from the Bay of Bengal during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Contrarily, the West Coast witnesses these extremes primarily during monsoon, driven by depressions in the Arabian Sea and troughs of low pressure along the coast. Higher frequency of these extremes was witnessed on the West (East) Coast when the positive (negative) phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole co-occurred with the Neutral (La Niña or Neutral) phase of El Niño Southern Oscillation. Further, the SS-RF extremes on the East Coast (West Coast except Mumbai) were storm surge (rainfall) dominant, with higher risk at Haldia (Mumbai). On the other hand, a higher (lower) frequency of concurrent sea level-rainfall extremes was witnessed on the East (West) Coast due to disparity in tidal ranges and seasonality of coastal currents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01045-5","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The Indian East Coast is susceptible to concurrent storm surge-rainfall (SS-RF) extremes during June–November, driven by low-pressure systems of varying intensity from the Bay of Bengal during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Contrarily, the West Coast witnesses these extremes primarily during monsoon, driven by depressions in the Arabian Sea and troughs of low pressure along the coast. Higher frequency of these extremes was witnessed on the West (East) Coast when the positive (negative) phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole co-occurred with the Neutral (La Niña or Neutral) phase of El Niño Southern Oscillation. Further, the SS-RF extremes on the East Coast (West Coast except Mumbai) were storm surge (rainfall) dominant, with higher risk at Haldia (Mumbai). On the other hand, a higher (lower) frequency of concurrent sea level-rainfall extremes was witnessed on the East (West) Coast due to disparity in tidal ranges and seasonality of coastal currents.
期刊介绍：
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science is an open-access journal encompassing the relevant physical, chemical, and biological aspects of atmospheric and climate science. The journal places particular emphasis on regional studies that unveil new insights into specific localities, including examinations of local atmospheric composition, such as aerosols.
The range of topics covered by the journal includes climate dynamics, climate variability, weather and climate prediction, climate change, ocean dynamics, weather extremes, air pollution, atmospheric chemistry (including aerosols), the hydrological cycle, and atmosphere–ocean and atmosphere–land interactions. The journal welcomes studies employing a diverse array of methods, including numerical and statistical modeling, the development and application of in situ observational techniques, remote sensing, and the development or evaluation of new reanalyses.
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