Unveiling the Evolutionary History of cis-Andean Alouatta (Atelidae, Alouattinae) Through Mitochondrial Genomes

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Cíntia Povill, Fabrícia F. Nascimento, Larissa Souza Arantes, Maximilian Driller, James Kieran Sullivan, Fernando Araujo Perini, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Ricardo Lourenço de Oliveira, Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo, Cecília Bueno, Camila J. Mazzoni, Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
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Abstract

Alouatta, a genus widely distributed throughout South and Central America, displays remarkable species diversity across various morphoclimatic domains. To clarify the ancestral distribution and its role in the radiation of Alouatta, our study employed time-tree phylogenetic analyses to better understand the current distribution patterns of the cis-Andean species. We generated 36 mitogenomes, including a species and representatives of populations not previously analyzed, to reconstruct a molecular-dated tree, estimate genetic distance-based analyses, and infer the ancestral distribution range of Alouatta. Our study suggests an initial split within the Alouatta during the Miocene, leading to the separation of the cis-Andean and trans-Andean clades. Through ancestral range reconstruction, we found that the most recent common ancestor of Alouatta was broadly distributed across South America. Within the cis-Andean clade, two major splits were identified. One split revealed a close relationship between the Amazonia-endemic species A. seniculus and A. caraya, a species adapted to open-dry domains, with ancestral range in the Amazonia and dry-open domains. In contrast, for the A. guariba and A. belzebul groups, which occur in Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest, the ancestral range included both domains. The diversification of the Alouatta was driven by two cladogenesis events. The formation of the extant species was primarily driven by founder events during the Pleistocene and involved long-distance dispersal events with posterior population isolation. These events played a crucial role in the formation of new populations that underwent rapid divergence, resulting in distinct phylogenetic lineages. Our findings shed new light on the origins of cis-Andean lineages of Alouatta across a broad geographic range, as well as the emergence of more recent taxa during the Pleistocene. This provides insights into their relationships, highlighting the crucial role of Pleistocene climatic changes and founder events in shaping the diversification and geographic distribution of extant species.

Abstract Image

通过线粒体基因组揭示顺安第斯Alouatta (Atelidae, Alouatta科)的进化史
Alouatta属广泛分布于南美洲和中美洲,在不同的形态气候域表现出显著的物种多样性。为了明确Alouatta的祖先分布及其在辐射中的作用,本研究采用时间树系统发育分析来更好地了解顺安第斯物种的当前分布模式。我们生成了36个有丝分裂基因组,包括一个物种和以前未分析过的群体的代表,以重建分子年代树,估计基于遗传距离的分析,并推断Alouatta的祖先分布范围。我们的研究表明,在中新世,阿鲁阿塔内部发生了一次最初的分裂,导致顺安第斯分支和跨安第斯分支的分离。通过祖先范围重建,我们发现Alouatta最近的共同祖先广泛分布在南美洲。在顺安第斯分支中,确定了两个主要分支。其中一次分离揭示了亚马逊特有种a . seniculus和a . caraya之间的亲缘关系,a . caraya是一种适应干旱地区的物种,其祖先范围在亚马逊地区和干旱地区。相比之下,对于出现在亚马逊河流域和大西洋森林的A. guariba和A. belzebul类群,其祖先范围包括这两个领域。阿鲁阿塔的多样化是由两次枝生事件驱动的。现存物种的形成主要是由更新世时期的创始者事件驱动的,并涉及到具有后种群隔离的长距离分散事件。这些事件在新种群的形成过程中发挥了至关重要的作用,这些新种群经历了迅速的分化,形成了不同的系统发育谱系。我们的发现揭示了Alouatta的顺安第斯血统在广泛地理范围内的起源,以及更新世期间更近的分类群的出现。这提供了对它们之间关系的深入了解,突出了更新世气候变化和建立事件在塑造现存物种多样化和地理分布方面的关键作用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
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