Cardiometabolic self-care and their determinants among older adults in India: evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102053

Shubhanjali Roy , Arka Ghosh , Saurav Basu

{"title":"Cardiometabolic self-care and their determinants among older adults in India: evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India","authors":"Shubhanjali Roy , Arka Ghosh , Saurav Basu","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102053","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a major public health issue in India, driven by urbanization, unhealthy dietary shifts, and sedentary lifestyles. Optimal cardiometabolic self-care, as defined by the Healthy Longevity Heart Code (HLHC), is critical to slowing cardiovascular aging and improving health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the prevalence and determinants of cardiometabolic self-care practices among older adults in India using HLHC proxies derived from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 66,606 participants aged ≥45 years from LASI (2017–2018). HLHC proxies included dietary habits, physical activity, waist circumference, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, mental exercises, and social interactions. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of optimal self-care, and mediation analysis assessed the role of wealth in modulating these outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only 34.3 % of participants exhibited optimal cardiometabolic self-care, with higher prevalence among females (40.04 %) compared to males (28.52 %). Predictors of optimal self-care included higher education, socioeconomic status, and urban residence. Wealth significantly mediated the relationship between socioeconomic factors and cardiometabolic health. Suboptimal practices such as high central obesity (64.13 % males; 41.59 % females) and poor mental and social engagement were prevalent. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were notably higher among males, while females demonstrated better adherence to dietary and physical activity guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Suboptimal cardiometabolic self-care remains a significant challenge among Indian adults aged ≥45 years, with notable gender and socioeconomic disparities. Interventions should prioritize education, equitable access to resources, and gender-specific strategies to enhance adherence to HLHC guidelines and improve cardiometabolic health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398425001423","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is a major public health issue in India, driven by urbanization, unhealthy dietary shifts, and sedentary lifestyles. Optimal cardiometabolic self-care, as defined by the Healthy Longevity Heart Code (HLHC), is critical to slowing cardiovascular aging and improving health outcomes.

Objective

To assess the prevalence and determinants of cardiometabolic self-care practices among older adults in India using HLHC proxies derived from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI).

Methods

This study conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 66,606 participants aged ≥45 years from LASI (2017–2018). HLHC proxies included dietary habits, physical activity, waist circumference, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, mental exercises, and social interactions. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of optimal self-care, and mediation analysis assessed the role of wealth in modulating these outcomes.

Results

Only 34.3 % of participants exhibited optimal cardiometabolic self-care, with higher prevalence among females (40.04 %) compared to males (28.52 %). Predictors of optimal self-care included higher education, socioeconomic status, and urban residence. Wealth significantly mediated the relationship between socioeconomic factors and cardiometabolic health. Suboptimal practices such as high central obesity (64.13 % males; 41.59 % females) and poor mental and social engagement were prevalent. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were notably higher among males, while females demonstrated better adherence to dietary and physical activity guidelines.

Conclusions

Suboptimal cardiometabolic self-care remains a significant challenge among Indian adults aged ≥45 years, with notable gender and socioeconomic disparities. Interventions should prioritize education, equitable access to resources, and gender-specific strategies to enhance adherence to HLHC guidelines and improve cardiometabolic health outcomes.

查看原文本刊更多论文

印度老年人的心脏代谢自我保健及其决定因素：来自印度纵向老龄化研究的证据

在城市化、不健康的饮食转变和久坐不动的生活方式的推动下，心血管代谢综合征（CMS）在印度是一个主要的公共卫生问题。健康长寿心脏代码（HLHC）定义的最佳心脏代谢自我保健对于减缓心血管衰老和改善健康结果至关重要。目的利用来自印度纵向老龄化研究（LASI）的HLHC指标，评估印度老年人心脏代谢自我保健实践的患病率和决定因素。方法本研究对2017-2018年LASI年龄≥45岁的66,606名参与者进行了横断面分析。HLHC指标包括饮食习惯、身体活动、腰围、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠质量、心理锻炼和社会交往。采用Logistic回归分析确定最佳自我保健的预测因子，并通过中介分析评估财富在调节这些结果中的作用。结果只有34.3%的参与者表现出最佳的心脏代谢自我保健，女性的患病率（40.04%）高于男性（28.52%）。最佳自我照顾的预测因子包括高等教育、社会经济地位和城市居住。财富显著中介社会经济因素与心脏代谢健康之间的关系。次优做法，如高度中心性肥胖(男性64.13%；41.59%的女性)，精神和社会参与程度较差。男性吸烟和饮酒的比例明显较高，而女性则更遵守饮食和体育活动指南。结论在印度年龄≥45岁的成年人中，亚理想的心脏代谢自我保健仍然是一个重大挑战，存在显著的性别和社会经济差异。干预措施应优先考虑教育、公平获取资源和针对性别的战略，以加强对高健康中心指南的遵守并改善心脏代谢健康结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

218

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.