Using a loose-leaf vaporizer to study tobacco-cannabis co-administration: A proof-of-concept study

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Drug and alcohol dependence Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112678

Gideon St.Helen, Christopher Havel, Newton Addo, Nickole Criner, Peyton Jacob III, Neal Benowitz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

We examined differences in Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and nicotine intake, pharmacokinetics, subjective and physiologic effects from use of cannabis only, tobacco only, and a mixture of cannabis and tobacco using a PAX-3 vaporizer.

Methods

Eight (7 M, 1 F) healthy adults who use both cannabis and tobacco participated in a 3-arm, within-subject study. Participants were administered 3 standardized puffs of cannabis only, tobacco only, or a 50–50 mixture with a PAX-3. Blood was collected and questionnaires were administered before and after the last puff.

Results

Average maximum plasma THC concentration (C_max) and area under the plasma THC concentration-time curve (AUC) were significantly higher after vaping the mixture compared to cannabis only [C_max: 25.7 ± 14.0 ng/mL vs. 9.7 ± 6.5 ng/mL, p < 0.04 (mean±SD); AUC: 590 ± 555 ng/mL•min vs. 306 ± 258 ng/mL•min, p < 0.02]. Similarly, plasma nicotine C_max and AUC_(0→360) were significantly higher after vaping the mixture compared to tobacco only [C_max: 1.6 ± 0.71 ng/mL vs. 0.55 ± 0.32 ng/mL, p < 0.02; AUC: 135 ± 35.7 ng/mL•min vs. 63.1 ± 25.4 ng/mL•min, p < 0.01]. Although elevated from use of the mixture, heart rate changes were not significantly different across study conditions. Subjective effects generally did not differ across study conditions, but this may have been due to the small sample size of the study.

Conclusion

Vaping cannabis and tobacco together leads to greater exposure to THC and nicotine than the substances by themselves. Despite differences in THC exposure, subjective effects and heart rate were not different between the mixture and cannabis only, indicating potential attenuation of THC-related effects by nicotine.

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使用活页蒸发器研究烟草-大麻共同给药：概念验证研究

目的研究仅使用大麻、仅使用烟草和使用PAX-3蒸发器的大麻和烟草混合物在Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol （THC）和尼古丁摄入量、药代动力学、主观和生理效应方面的差异。方法8名（7m, 1f）既使用大麻又使用烟草的健康成年人参加了一项3组受试者内研究。参与者只被给予3个标准的大麻，只被给予烟草，或者50-50的PAX-3混合物。在吸完最后一口烟前后，研究人员采集了血液，并进行了问卷调查。结果抽吸后血浆四氢大麻酚平均最大浓度（Cmax）和血浆四氢大麻酚浓度-时间曲线下面积（AUC）显著高于纯大麻组[Cmax: 25.7±14.0 ng/mL vs. 9.7±6.5 ng/mL, p < 0.04 (mean±SD)；AUC: 590±555 ng / mL•分钟与306±258 ng / mL•敏,p & lt; 0.02]。血浆尼古丁Cmax和AUC（0→360）也显著高于烟叶[Cmax: 1.6±0.71 ng/mL vs. 0.55±0.32 ng/mL, p < 0.02；AUC: 135±35.7 ng / mL•分钟和63.1±25.4 ng / mL•敏,p & lt; 0.01]。虽然由于使用混合物而升高，但在不同的研究条件下心率变化没有显著差异。主观效应通常在不同的研究条件下没有差异，但这可能是由于研究的样本量小。结论吸食大麻和烟草比单独吸食大麻和烟草更容易暴露于四氢大麻酚和尼古丁。尽管四氢大麻酚暴露存在差异，但混合物和大麻之间的主观效应和心率没有差异，这表明尼古丁可能会减弱四氢大麻酚相关效应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drug and alcohol dependence 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

409

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Drug and Alcohol Dependence is an international journal devoted to publishing original research, scholarly reviews, commentaries, and policy analyses in the area of drug, alcohol and tobacco use and dependence. Articles range from studies of the chemistry of substances of abuse, their actions at molecular and cellular sites, in vitro and in vivo investigations of their biochemical, pharmacological and behavioural actions, laboratory-based and clinical research in humans, substance abuse treatment and prevention research, and studies employing methods from epidemiology, sociology, and economics.